Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography > Case Studies > Flashcards

Case Studies Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

Physical causes of bostcastle flood?

A

Much of the drainage basin rock is impermeable.
High tide at sea.
Valency river has a small catchment area 23km2 with a steep gradient.
Torrential rain over 500mm in 4 hours.- remnants of hurricane Alex. Due to rainy summer, by August the sandstone was saturated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Social impacts of flooding boscastle flood?

A

Destroyed homes
Stress and anxiety for local people.
No casualties or serious injuries - broken thumb
Cars belonging to over 1000 people washed away

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Economic impacts of boscastle?

A

Insurance companies and premiums rose.
Insurance companies pain est 20 million
Farmers lost there crops.
A lot of money spent on rescues and reconstruction.
25 business properties destroyed
Infrastructure damaged- electricity pylon, bridges, 4 foot bridges, roads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Environmental impacts of bostcastle?

A

Trees uprooted
Debris scattered
Mud washed into the water
Crops destroyed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Longer terms effects of bostcastle.

A

Income declined upto 60%. People forced to relocate as couldn’t afford insurance costs.
Tourism declined

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Physical causes of Bangladesh food.

A

80% of the country is a floodplain and delta.
70% of the land is less than 1m above sea level.
Snowmelt from Himalayas.
10% of the land is rivers and lakes.
Confluence of the 3 rivers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Human causes of Bangladesh?

A

Deforestation in Nepal
Rapid urbanisation in Dhaka
Building of dams in India
Global warming- increased rainfall, snowmelt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Social impacts of Bangladesh flood?

A

1300 people died
7 million homes destroyed
25 million homeless
Water bourne diseases spread- Cholera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Economic impacts of Bangladesh flood?

A

Cost of flood was 1 million dollars. Infrastructure destroyed. Money spent on flood defences. - bridges, roads, villages
Reliant on foreign aid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Environmental impacts of Bangladesh flood.

A

Over half the land was underwater.
2 million tonnes of rice crops destroyed.
Fields of rotting crops
Half a million cattle and poultry killed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Short term Responses of bostcastle flood?

A

7 helicopters winched 150 people.

Locals and tourists took shelter in leisure centre.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Human of bostcastle flood?

A

Human- urbanisation. development of pavements and impermeable surfaces. Sewage and drainage system was very old.
Few flood defences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Extra info on bostcastle

A

August 2004

Area relies on tourism as 90% of income

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Long term responses to boscastle?

A

£4.6 million flood defence scheme completed in 2008.
Low bridges removed
River widened through boscastle
Flood defence wall built in village centre
River bed deepened by 0.75m
Landowners encouraged to maintain vegetation on valley sides- trees removed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Short term responses to Bangladesh?

A

Boats to rescue people
Emergency supplies for food, shelter and medicine (water purification tablets) Aid from other countries- seeds, food
£21 million from UK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Long term responses to Bangladesh flood?

A 
Reduced deforestation in Nepal 
7 dams built 
5000 flood shelters built
350km of embankment built
Flood water storage areas created 
Developed a flood warning scheme
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Background info on holderness

A

Average rate of erosion- 1.8m per year

61 km long

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why is holderness at risk?

A

Geology- cliffs made of bolder clay- not resistant- easily eroded through corrosion and prone to slumping
Narrow beaches, groynes at mappleton
Powerful waves- long fetch from artic sea
Dominant north easterly wind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Economic impacts of holderness erosion?

A

Bridlington tourism has received a 30% decline from 1998-2006
Caravan parks are at risk- seaside caravan park- Ultome loosing 10 pitches a year
2 million was spent in Mappleton on defences
Gas terminal at easington- 25m from cliff- responsible for 25% of britains gas supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Social impacts of holderness erosion?

A

Negetive equity

30 villages lost since Roman times

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Environmental impacts of holderness erosion?

A

SSSI’s are threatened- the Lagoons at Easington

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Causes of hurricane Katerina Storm surge

A

2004
Low lying land
Change of direction of eye
Delta soil- subsidence- half and inch per year
Flood wall and levees collapsed only made for cat. 3 storm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where has hard engineering been used? - coast

A

Lyme Regis- Dorset

South England

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Why is Lyme Regis under threat?

A

Exposed to south westerly waves
Stormy conditions from English Channel
Geology mostly limestone and boulder clay
Rising sea level erodes base- causes landslides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Engineering used at Lyme Regis?

A

Cobb gate to harbour- new sea wall, slip strengthening and drainage, rock armour
The Cobb- strengthening foundation of the High wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Benefits of Lyme Regis management?

A 
More sand and shingle on the beach
New promenade 
Improved ramp access to gardens and car parks 
Re-landscaped public gardens 
Improvements to Cobb road
Housing and amenities saved
27
Q

Drawbacks of Lyme Regis?

A

Cost- 33 million
Sea wall require maintenance
Visual pollution

28
Q

What problems is the Essex coast facing?

A

Coastal squeeze
Rising sea levels- 6mm per year
Loss of salt marsh- 40% over last 25 years

29
Q

What has been done at Essex?

A

Breached sea walls- at 4 areas
flooded 21 hectors of farmland to encourage flooding
Beach nourishment at Mersea Island
Marsh stabilisation- planting brushwood and stakes

30
Q

Advantages of Essex engineering?

A

Cheaper- would’ve cost 600,000 to repair sea wall- only lasted 20 years
More marshland- more animal habitats
Acts as a natural buffer to waves

31
Q

Where has soft engineering been used- coast?

A

Blackwater estuary- Essex coast

32
Q

Disadvantages of Essex management?

A

Land will be lost

Some land hasn’t became marshland e.g Orphland site- still mud easily eroded

33
Q

Why has hard engineering been used in China?

A

Yangtze River- floods seasonally- major cities near- Wuhan and Nanjing
5 major floods over last century
1998 flood killer 3000 and made 14 million homeless

34
Q

What engineering is on Yangtze River?

A

46 dams-
biggest 3 Gorges dam- 101m high, began in 1994- reservoir behind can store 22km cubed, largest hydroelectric power station- turns 26 turbines
3600 km of levees

35
Q

Positive affects of engineering along Yangtze?

A

Reduced a major flood from once every 10 years to every 100 years
Supplies 3% of China’s demand for electricity

36
Q

Negetive affects of Yangtze?

A

Upto 2 million people forced to relocate
Reservoir will flood farmland and 657 factories
Destroy habitats and endanger species- 100 Baji dolphins may be starved
Increase flooding in tributaries

37
Q

Case study for pharmaceutical company?

A

Glaxosmithkline

38
Q

Research and production of gsk?

A

Produces 4 million packs if medicines. Quarter of worlds vaccines.
Produces products for both wealthy- Pravistatin RL- CHD
and poor countries- Polio vaccines

39
Q

Distribution and sales of Glaxosmithkline?

A

Makes large profit- donates to poorer countries
Donated 750 million albendazole tablets to 130million people with elephantiasis
Invests in community programmes- 3.8% of pre tax profit in 2007

40
Q

Problem of healthcare in Ethiopia?

A 
Life expectancy- 52
IMR- 8%
Poor nutrition, sanitation and unclean water
Infectious disease is common 
Shortage of hospitals and doctors
Rural areas 3 doctors per 100,00
41
Q

Solutions to Ethiopia

A

Foreign aid- spent on vaccinations and contraception’s
Funds the health extension programme- trains locals in basic health care
Millions of bed nets given out- malaria cases fell by 20% in a year

42
Q

What are the contrasting Heath care systems?

A

Cuba’s state run vs Ethiopia’s- Local health care workers

43
Q

Features of cuba’s health care?

A 
State run 
Doctor on every block
Annual check ups- family
Every child receives free vaccinations 
1 doctor per 170 people
44
Q

Advantage of cuba’s health care?

A

Has worlds lowest IMR
Life expectancy 77.5
Double the no. Doctors per people ration the U.S. And UK

45
Q

Disadvantages of Cuba healthcare?

A

Doctors paid extremely low salaries
Do not have up to date equipment
Medicine shortages- blackmarket
Bribery for privileges

46
Q

Where are CVD’s highest?

A

Russia
North Africa
Middle East
However CHD is UK’s biggest killer

47
Q

Economic impacts of CVD’s?

A

Costs billions in healthcare costs
1 in 6 health care dollars spent on CVD’s
Absence from work and early retirements
Increase in voluntary care

48
Q

Social impacts of CVD’s?

A

Kills the same no. People in US as cancer, accidents and respiratory diseases combined
Family care to help member recover from stroke

49
Q

Management of CVD’s?

A

EU countries agreed in November 2013 to take part in the common health problems
UK- Change 4 life programme
EU health commissioner organised an EU summit on Chronic disease- April 2014
“European week of sport”

50
Q

Distribution of HIV/AIDS

A

High in sub Saharan Africa and Russia

Lowest in Middle East

51
Q

Social impacts of the disease in Botswana

A

HIV patients occupy beds 4 times longer
Doctors overworked- quality of care decreased
Increase children becoming orphans- 67,000 or carers and abandon education
Stigma attached to the disease
Increase of poverty
Emotional strain
Life expectancy decreases- 67.5 to 47.4 2001

52
Q

Background info on AIDS in Botswana

A

320,000 living with HIV
5,800 died due to AIDS
2012

53
Q

Economic impacts of HIV

A

17% of medical staff lost- 1999-2005
Loss of economically active- each worker will acquire 1 additional dependent over 10 years
Increase is destitute households
Increase in child and women informal work
HIV related care can take 1/3 of income
Shortage of teachers
Influence of governmental spending

54
Q

Environmental impacts in Botswana?

A

Decrease in agricultural workforce- food shortage

Increase in plant disease and pests as less money is spent on farming

55
Q

Management in Botswana?

A

Routine and mandatory testing in high risk areas
HIV prevention programmes- teacher capacity building programme
HIV Interventions on radio
Voluntary male circumcision
Mass antiretroviral programme
Prevention of mother to child transmission programme

56
Q

Why did France need an increase in birth rate?

A

Lack of labour force
Affects of ageing population
Population was in decline

57
Q

Policies put in place in France?

A

1967
Maternity leave full pay- 20 weeks first child, 40 weeks 3rd
£1064 for having 3rd child
Full tax Benefits until youngest reaches 10
30% fare reduction for 3 child families

58
Q

Negatives of French policy?

A

Increase in Sti’s

More youthful dependents

59
Q

Positives of policy?

A

More families using public transport

Increased immigration

60
Q

Extra facts about China’s 1 child policy?

A

400 million births prevented

90% of abortions were female

61
Q

Healthcare in Birmingham

A

NHS
Split into trust- eg South bham trust
Overall organisation- primary care trust

62
Q

Facts surrounding Birmingham?

A

Pop- 1.1 million 2015
179 health services
58 hospitals inc mental and children’s

63
Q

Issues facing bham?

A

Waiting times
People can’t afford private health
Building of QE
Elderly people in bham

64
Q

Things Birmingham provides?

A

Free health clinics
Activities - leisure
Healthy living course
Extensive opportunities- parks

Geography (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions