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Physical Geography > Case studies > Flashcards

Case studies Flashcards

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1
Q

Reasons for erosion at Happisburgh

A

10m cliffs
Soft sands and clay
Ploughing
Groynes in Bacton

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2
Q

Whats at stake in Happisburgh

A

Old lighthouse and church
Norfolk broads
Businesses - caravan park
Community

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3
Q

Whats been done in Happisburgh

A

Failed defences in 1950s left as they are
£3m to 13 residents for home loss
‘Do nothing’

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4
Q

East UK flooding 2013

A

-£1bn damage and multiple houses lost to sea
-A 1953 similar storm had 20,000 deaths
-Improvement in monitoring, forecasting and warning
-Thames barrier

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5
Q

Isostatic change examples

A

-Glacial rebound in Scotland (1.5mm per year) and resulting submerging South England(rias)
-Ganges Delta, Bangladesh submergence due to accretion of sediment, settlements and sea level rise(rias)

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6
Q

Sea level rise and responses in Maldives

A

-Increasing temp. and rainfall, 3mm rise per year, 85% islands coastal recession
-Japanese-built rock armour in Male
-ICZM to decide which islands protected
-Mangroves and limited coral mining

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7
Q

Conflict in Maldives

A

-Some islands abandoned
-Coral miners lose income and might mine illegally

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8
Q

Cyclone Sidr 2007 impacts

A

Economic - $115m road damage and $11bn housing damage
Social - Crop loss(income & food), 3400 dead, 55000 injured

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9
Q

Cyclone Sidr 2007 details

A

-Gales of 223km/h, storm surges 6m high

Severity - Population density, lack of defence (LIC), low lying

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10
Q

Need for regeneration in Plymouth

A

Deindustrialisation
Less employment in navy
High unemployment, life exp 4 below avg, 46000 in deprived areas

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11
Q

Successes of Plymouth regen

A

-Drake Circus founded in 2006, £1.3bn into economy. Increased capacity on A386.
-‘Britain’s Ocean City’ , so more people want to visit and live there
-Marine Research Plymouth, Knowledge Economy and disposable incomes

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12
Q

Failures of Plymouth regen

A

-Unequal regen, 7 areas including Ernesttle and Devonport still in top 10 deprived in Devon
-Q&Q of housing, 10000 people on list
-Quaternary industry does nothing to help deprived

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13
Q

Bath studentification

A

6000 HMOs in BANES
-Pushes others out housing market, upsets locals

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14
Q

Bath regeneration

A

Retail centric, 55 shops, 860 car spaces
Pros: 24-26m visitors, tertiary jobs, visual improvement
Cons: Heritage threat, TNCs vs local stores

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15
Q

HS2

A

London to Birmingham to Man and Leeds
Pros: Bridges divide, 70% jobs out LDN, UK gains £15bn per year
Cons: Stage 2 axed, cost from £20 to £105 billion, may help LDN the most

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16
Q

IMF (International Monetary Fund)

A

-Loans to nations if they accept free market economics
-Can mean cuts on education, healthcare etc

17
Q

World Bank

A

-$470m to Philippines for poverty reduction 2014
-All presidents have been American

18
Q

WTO (World Trade Org)

A

-Advocates for trade liberalisation
- China removed restrictions on rare earth minerals 2014

19
Q

North Korea

A

-Autocracy for 70 years, no internet etc
-Extreme protectionism, stays out world affairs

20
Q

South Korea

A

-5th largest exporter and 7th importer 2014, free trade with 75%
-Samsung, LG, K-pop

21
Q

Need for regeneration in Cornwall

A

-Mechanisation and outsourcing
-Rural, ageing, isolated, nearest M-way in Exeter
-UK’s poorest region

22
Q

Successes of Cornwall regen

A

Eden Project - £1.1bn in 10 years, 2700 local suppliers, 80% visit Sprig-Autumn

CUC - Helps graduates set up business or find knowledge based jobs, reduces brain drain

23
Q

Failures of Cornwall regen

A

-Still rural flight, ‘Jobs not careers’, low wages, lack of services
-Enterprise zones, inaccessible to deprived
-Lack of M-way so no radiator effect felt

24
Q

Bronte country regen

A

Need- Decline of agriculture and textiles

Strategies- Bronte Falls, Museum etc, Bronte Buses

Eval- Purely tourism so seasonal, won’t attract investment, high rural flight

25
Q

Mount Nyiragongo

A

1977 Basaltic lava (very effusive) up to 60km/h, killing 50 and overwhelming villages

26
Q

Montserrat

A

1995 Pyro flow from collapsed lava dome, blanketing a nearby town. Typically 80km/h and can cover 10s-100s of km

27
Q

Pinatubo

A

1991 Ash column 19km high, gas release

28
Q

Eyjafjallaj

A

2010 Jokulhlaup and ash causing 20 countries to close their airspace

29
Q

Armero tragedy

A

1985 Lahar killed 22,000

30
Q

Mount St Helens

A

1980 Landslide covering 62km^2 and 600ft wave in Spirit Lake

31
Q

China globalisation

A

1978 Open Door Policy, to attract foreign businesses

Pre 1978 (isolationism) : $150bn
2024 : $22trn
CCP owns 12/30 richest TNCs

Physical Geography (3 decks)

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