Case Definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

List all cases (6)

A

1.) Nominative (Nom.)
2.) Genitive (Gen.)
3.) Dative (Dat.)
4.) Accusative (Acc.)
5.) Ablative (Abl.)
6.) Vocative (Voc.)

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2
Q

Nominative Case
(Nom.)

A

Indicates the subject of a finite verb.

Ending: -a

Example: porta mágna = the (a) large gate

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3
Q

Genitive Case
(Gen.)

A

Gives an idea of ownership and possession (“of who? of what? whose?”). Generally translated with “of” or ”-‘s”.

Ending: -ae

Example(s):
- portae mágnae = of the large gate
- rosa puellae = “rose of the girl” or “girl’s rose”

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4
Q

Dative Case
(Dat.)

A

Marks the indirect object of the action of the verb (to who/what? for who/what?). “to” or “for” are commonly used.

Ending: -ae

Example:
- portae mágnae = to/for the large gate

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5
Q

Accusative Case
(Acc.)

A

Indicates the direct object (person or thing) of the action of the verb (what? who?)

Ending: -am

Example(s):
- portam mágnam = the large gate
- Poeta amat puellam = the poet loves the girl

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6
Q

Ablative Case
(Abl.)

A

Used to modify the verb by various ideas like “means” (by what?), “manner” (how?), and accompaniment (with who?). Sometimes used by the prepositions: by, with, from

Ending:

Example:
- portā mágnā = by/with/from… the large gate

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7
Q

Vocative Case
(Voc.)

A

Used to address a person or thing directly. Commonly uses “O

Ending: -a

Example:
- porta mánga = O large gate
- Ō puella, servā mē = O (oh) girl, save me!

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