case 9 anatomy

Question 1

vertebral level of hyoid bone

Answer 1

C3

Question 2

vertebral level of thyroid cartilage

Answer 2

C4-C5

Question 3

vertebral level of cricoid cartilage

Answer 3

C6-7

Question 4

The isthmus of the thyroid gland overlies which of the tracheal rings

Answer 4

2nd, 3rd, and 4th

Question 5

vertebral level of thyroid gland

Answer 5

C5-T1

Question 6

arterial supply of thyroid

Answer 6

superior thyroid - from external carotid,
inferior thyroid - from thyrocervical trunk of subclavian arteries,
thyroid ima artery (~10% ppl) - from brachiocephalic trunk

Question 7

venous drainage of thyroid gland

Answer 7

superior and middle thyroid veins –> internal jugular vein, inferior thyroid vein –> braciocephalic vein

Question 8

innervation of thyroid gland

Answer 8

Sympathetic: Superior, middle, and inferior sympathetic ganglia,
Parasympathetic: Vagus nerves

Question 9

lymphatic drainage of thyroid gland

Answer 9

Periglandular,
prelaryngeal nodes –> superior cervical lymph nodes, pretracheal,
paratracheal nodes –> inferior deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 10

which structures may be compressed by the enlargement of thyroid

Answer 10

trachea, oesophagus, or jugular veins

Question 11

site of origin of thyroid gland

Answer 11

foramen caecum

Question 12

which duct connects thyroid gland to foramen caecum during development

Answer 12

thyroglossal duct

Question 13

epithelium lining of thyroid follicles

Answer 13

simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 14

what do follicular cells secrete?

Answer 14

Thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)

Question 15

What do parafollicular (C) cells secrete?

Answer 15

calcitonin

Question 16

which vessels supply parathyroid glands?

Answer 16

inferior thyroid arteries

Question 17

venous drainage of parathyroid glands

Answer 17

parathyroid veins into the thyroid plexus of veins

Question 18

innervation of parathyroid glands

Answer 18

thyroid branches of the cervical sympathetic ganglia