Case 5: implementation of health interventions & policy measures

Question 1

What is the top-down approach?

Answer 1

Policies set at national/international levels needs to be effectively communicated to lower levels (health authorities, local agencies, communities, hospitals) who are then charged with putting new policy into practice

Question 2

What factors infleunce the implementation being effective?

Answer 2

• Integrating key stakeholders
• Identifying key agents of implementation
• Using theory- & evidence-based frameworks for planning & assessing
  behaviour change interventions & policy measures

Question 3

Define implementation

Answer 3

process of turning a policy into practice

Question 4

What is an implementation gap?

Answer 4

difference between what the policy architect intended & end result of a policy

Question 5

What is necessary when integrating key stakeholders as implementation agents?

Answer 5

Need for effective:
* communication
* collaboration
* long-term engagement
* actively involved in policy development process

Question 6

What are policy instruments?

Answer 6

tools, methods or approaches used to implement a policy

• such as laws, regulations, financial incentives or education programmes

Question 7

What i snecessary for successful health promotion?

Answer 7

Need to ensure that there are three characteristics for impact:
1. The intervention of policy measure is effective
2. Context is taken into account
3. Intervention or policy measure is well disseminated and implemented

Question 8

What are the steps of implementation?

Question 9

How to analyse problems?

Answer 9

Problem analysis identifies the problem, estimate scale of problem and analyses causes & drives, identify who is affected & involved & assess likelihood of problem persistence

Question 10

How do you set objectives?

Answer 10

Objectives may be general, specific or operational (SMART criteria specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound)

Question 11

How do you identify policy options?

Answer 11

1. Construct baseline from which impacts of policy options will be assessed.
2. Start by compiling a wide range of alternative policy options.
3. Identify most viable options; explain the discarded policy options.
4. Describe in reasonable detail key aspects of the retained policy options to allow an in-depth analysis of the associated impacts.