Case 3 defintions

Question 1

inhalations

Answer 1

solutions/suspensions/powders of one or more drug substances administered by the nasal or oral respiratory route for local or systemic effects

Question 2

importance of pulmonary dosage route

Answer 2

surface area for drug delivery, alveoli are directly adjacent to systemic circulation

Question 3

thickness of epithelial (increases/decreases) as you go deeper into lungs

Answer 3

decreases

Question 4

(upper region/ alveolar region) has more goblet cell (mucus secretion)

Answer 4

upper region

Question 5

pulmonary surfactants

Answer 5

reduce thickness of mucus, prevent collapse of alveoli and reduces the surface tension @ gas/air interface

Question 6

Survanta extracted from ___ used for ___

Answer 6

bovine; infants

Question 7

conducting zone describes

Answer 7

first 16 generations of airways; role is to move air into and out of the lungs and warm it to 37 degree

Question 8

respiratory zone

Answer 8

branches 16-23; all structures partake in gas exchange; begins with respiratory bronchioles; sub divide into alveolar sacs and alveoli

Question 9

advantages of pulmonary drug delivery for LOCAL diseases

Answer 9

efficacy; fewer systemic side effects, rapid onset, less barriers, bypass 1st pass

Question 10

advantages of pulmonary drug delivery for SYSTEMIC diseases

Answer 10

degree of invasiveness, can be used for wide range of drugs, big surface area, bypass 1st pass, reproducible absorption in kidneys

Question 11

effectiveness of inhalations depend on

Answer 11

drug formulation, drug size, admin skills, anatomical status, delivery device

Question 12

pH of inhalations should be

Answer 12

close to neutral (6.8-7.4)

Question 13

preservatives should be added to inhalations that are ___ dose

Answer 13

multiple

Question 14

most common currently used devices are ___ which is a dispersion of fine liquid droplets or solid particles in gas

Answer 14

aerosol

Question 15

aerosols according to USP

Answer 15

packaged under pressure, contain therapeutic agent + propellant, released upon actuation of an appropriate valve system, topical application to the skin as well as local application into the nose mouth or lungs; fitted with valves enabling either continuous or metered dose delivery

Question 16

particle size determines delivery
oropharyngeal region = ___ um
bronchiolar region = ____ um
alveolar region = ___ um

Answer 16

10-30
2-10
less than 2

Question 17

pneumonia

Answer 17

inflammation

Question 18

asthma

Answer 18

constriction

Question 19

CF

Answer 19

mucus secretion

Question 20

smoking effects

Answer 20

airways