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GISP > Cartography and Visualization > Flashcards

Cartography and Visualization Flashcards

1
Q

Contour Line

A

a function of two variables is a curve along which the function has a constant value - joins points of equal value on a line

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2
Q

Contour Interval

A

difference in elevation between successive contour lines

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3
Q

Physical Geography

A

branch of natural science which deals with the study of processes and patterns in the natural environment like the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and geosphere

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4
Q

Divergent Plate Boundaries

A

boundaries where plates move away from each other

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5
Q

Transform Plate Boundaries

A

one plate slide3s horizontally past another plate

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6
Q

Covergent Plate Boundaries

A

Two plates move toward each other

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7
Q

Continents

A

large, continuous discrete masses of land separated by expanses of water - Physical Geography may include islands

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8
Q

Landform

A

a natural feature of the Earth’s surface (hills, mountains, plateaus, canyons, valleys, bays, peninsulas, seas)

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9
Q

Topography

A

field of geoscience and planetary science comprising the study of surface shape and features of the Earth and other observable astronomical objects including planets, moons and asteroids

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10
Q

Primary Aid

A

collected specifically for the purpose of a researcher’s particular study

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11
Q

Secondary Data

A

collected for another purpose by someone other than the researcher

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12
Q

5 Types of Measurement

A

Physical Measurement, Observation of Behavior, Archives, Explicit Reports, Computational Modeling

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13
Q

Physical Measurement

A

Recording physical properties of the Earth or it’s inhabitants - size, number, temperature, chemical makeup

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14
Q

Observation of Behavior

A

Observable actions or activities of individuals or groups - not thoughts, feelings or motivations

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15
Q

Archives

A

records that have been collected primarily of non-research purposes (secondary)

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16
Q

Explicit Reports

A

Beliefs people express about things - surveys

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17
Q

Computational Modeling

A

models as simplified representations of portions of reality

18
Q

Quantitative Data

A

numerical values, measured on at least an ordinal level but could be on a metric level

19
Q

Qualitative Data

A

nonnumerical or numerical values that have no quantitative meaning

20
Q

Deceptive Mapping

A

maps can be distorted for propaganda, military protections or ignorance

21
Q

Thematic Map

A

type of map especially designed to show a particular theme connected with a specific geographic area

22
Q

Choropleth

A

areas are shaded according to prearranged key, each shading or color type represents a range of values

23
Q

Proportional Symbol

A

Symbol drawn proportional in size to the size of the variable being represented

24
Q

Isarithmic or Isopleth

A

Lines of equal value are drawn ( contour lines) or ranges of similar values are filled with similar colors or patterns

25
Q

Dot

A

Shows distribution of phenomena where values and locations are known - place a dot where the location of variable is

26
Q

Dasymetric

A

alternative to choropleth - ancillary information is used to model internal distribution of the phenomenon

27
Q

Multivariate Displays

A

Putting more that two sets of data on one map ( single map shows population density and annual rainfall and cancer rates)

28
Q

Web Mapping

A

Process of using maps delivered by GIS - web maps are both served and consumed

29
Q

Map Layout Elements

A

a title, map, legend, map scale, supporting media, north arrow, metadata

30
Q

Symbols

A

represents things on a map

31
Q

Map Accuracy

A

difficult to assess, all maps show a selective view of reality - instead should ask if the map is appropriate for my purposes

32
Q

Map Scale

A

1:100 - one inch represents 100 inches in the real world

33
Q

Symbolization Variables

A

size, shape, orientation, pattern, hue, value

34
Q

Symbolization Variables (Quantitative)

A

Size and Value

35
Q

Symbolization Variables ( Qualitative)

A

Shape, Pattern and Hue

36
Q

Typography

A

the design of text, point size, line length, typefaces

37
Q

Classification

A

Objects with similar symbols - up to 7 classes recommended but should stick to 5 - classes should be exhaustive (describe all possible values) and should not overlap (no value can fall within two classes)

38
Q

Equal Range

A

Equal distance between class breaks

39
Q

Quantiles

A

equal number of observations in each class

40
Q

Standard Deviation

A

class breaks based on distance of standard deviation from the mean

41
Q

Natural Breaks

A

class breaks conform to gaps in data distribution

GISP (6 decks)

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