Cartography and Visualization Flashcards
What elements go on a map?
-Title
-Legend
-Scale
-Coordinate system information
-Author’s name/organization, logo, print date
-Graticule (lat/long) and/or Grid (X, Y)
-North arrow
What is Typography?
The process of putting text on a map like labels, annotations, etc.
What are ways to specify color?
-RGB (red, green, and blue mix)
-CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, and black mix)
-HSV (Hue, Saturation and Value)
How is RGB (red, green, and blue mix) specified?
Each color has a value from 0 to 255
How is CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, and black mix) specified?
All four colors are specified as a percentage (0%-100%)
How is HSV (Hue, Saturation and Value) specified?
-Hue defines the base color, ranges from 0 to 360
-Saturation (lightness or darkness) is a percentage (0%-100%)
-Value (intensity of the color) is a percentage (0%-100%)
What are HEX Codes?
Can be used on all 3 color models. Used to find an exact color.
What is a Thematic Map?
A map that is symbolized by a particular theme (i.e., a map that has been symbolized based on attributes)
What are Bivariate Colors?
-Describes data by looking at more than one value at a time to determine correlations and anomalies.
-Has 4x4 square in contents symbology
What is a Divergent Color Ramp?
all the emphasis of quantitative data display to be progressions outward from a critical midpoint of the data range.
What is Field Normalization?
Divide one column value by another column value. Often used with Census Data.
What is Natural Breaks (Jenks)?
Data is clustered naturally into classes
What is Quantile?
Equal number of features per class
What is Equal Interval?
Equal range of values in each class
What is Defined Interval?
Fixed interval
What is Standard Deviations?
Classes defined by how far above/below the mean the values are
What is a Geometric Interval?
Classes are defined by geometric series (2, 4, 8, 16, etc.)
What is a Contour Line?
Elevation or depth
What is a Isoline?
Measures of air pollution, rainfall, noise, etc.
What is an Isopach?
A line that connects points of equal true thickness
What are Index Contour Lines?
Lines drawn darker (thicker) at specific interval to help in reading the contour lines.
What are Intermediate Contour Lines?
Regular, thinner contour lines
What are Supplemental Contour Lines?
Dashed lines that are placed between regular contour lines to visualize small but important forms that regular contour lines are unable to show.
What does it mean when contours have a “V” shape?
Indicates a valley (often a stream or river). The “V” points upstream, or towards the higher end of the valley.
