cartilage Flashcards
Intima
produce synovial fluid
phago joint debris
stroma
irregular connective tissue
blends w fibrous joint
has macro, lympho, mast
capsule
function?
contains?
irregular connective tissue
joint stability, vessel/nerve supply
mecohano’s for proprioception
Pacinian
sensory nerves
responsive to stretch, tension, pressure
Free nerve endings
pressure stretch, temperature pain
Articulated cartilage
contains? function
chondrocytes , glychoamino, type II collagen
shock absorption/ gliding
At osteochondral junction, collagen fibres from the ____ zone of calcified cartilage insert directly into the ____ bone
radial zone
cortical bone
T or F bones provide some shock absorption
true
T of F osteoporosis is not protective against OA development
false it is
the phyis
plate of proliferating cartilage during growth
Osteochondrosis
physis inflamed due to overuse/ biomechs
How is cartilage healing in synovial joints
limited not much blood
in adults defects larger than 2mm heal?
rarely
can any defects heal by local proliferation of chondros
very small ones
if defect extends to bone what happens?
inflammatory repair can occur (secondary healing)
Secondary healing
healing by formation of scar tissue
primary healing
local proliferation of chondros
Acute chondrol injuries in synovial joints
an acute mechanical disruption of articular cartilage
Types of acute chondrol injuries in synovial joints
Type 1, 2, 3, 4
Type 1
result of?
shearing force through cartilage
rotational injury
Type 2
result of?
compression
rotational force
bruised MRI
flattening on center or blister sometimes
Type 3
result of
rotational
can’t alway recall what they did
present similar to meniscus tear (catch lock)
Type 4 where? who similar to what
tidemark (between calcified n non calc cart)
adults
osteochondritis
loose cartilage fragments catch n lock
risk factors for chondrol injuries
athletes, trauma to joint, age
T/F 100% of patients who’s ankles dislocated had chondrol lesion
true
Pathophysiology of chondrol issues
acute overload of cart
increased loading of chondro
associated joint injury
Why is patho of chondrol issues progressive
lack healing
increased tension/sheer forces across lesion
inflammation leads to abnormal envior
signs n symptoms chondrol issues
asymptomtic
pain, mm spasm, swelling, catch n lock
identified with another injury
if a joint sprain is painful or swollen longer than normal
diagnostic tests chondrol
xray MRI
treatment chondrol
<2 treated conservatively
>2 mosiacplasticity, subchondrol drilling, periosteal transplant
PT on chondrol
specific to procedure passive motion non weight bearing POLICE stim up range and load with surgeon
OA
cell matrix softening
loss of art cartilage
Primary OA
mechanical (BMI, job), age, predisposition
Type of secondary OA
crystal deposition disease
crystal disposition disease types
gout
pseduogout
epi of oA
adults
Risk factors OA
physically demanding job (knees , joints), athletes
age, BMI, biomechanics
soft tissue changes OA
lax ligs or stiffness, pain, instability
patho OA
gradual, cartilage damaged, bony changes (loose bodies), decreased ROM, pain
diagnostic tests OA
specific for joints
knee OA test
greater than 50 morning stiffness less than 30 minutes crackling bondy tenderness bony englargement no warmth at joint
hemophilia
from?
leads to?
heredity or spontaneous coagulation impaired (leads to uncontrolled bleeding, cart breakdown)
crystal deposition disease involves
deposition of crystals in joint cartilage / legs
can lead to secondary OA
Gout
who
diagnose
middle age men/w
blood test for urate
pseduogout
type of crystal
risks
diagnosed
pyrophospate
both sexes, age related
age, injury, fam
MD, X-ray
is gout curable
yes with urate lowering treatment
most common inflammatory arthorpathy
gout
treat gout and p gout
NSAID, corticosteroids, ULT,
rest
educaiton
