Cartilage

Question 1

Skeletal cartilage all contain c______________ in l_________ and e_____________ m______.

Answer 1

Chondrocytes in lacunae and extra cellular matrix

Question 2

Hyaline cartilage

What fiber? Where is it found?

Answer 2

Provides support, flexibility, and resilience. Collagen fibers only.

Found in joint surfaces, costal, respiratory, nasal cartilage, fetal skeleton is

Question 3

Elastic cartilage

What fibers? Where is it found?

Answer 3

Elastic fibers. Similar to hyaline cartilage.

Found in external ear and epiglottis

Question 4

Fibrocartilage

What fibers? Where is it found?

Answer 4

Thick collagen fibers.

Found in menisci of knee, vertebral disks, pubic symphysis

Question 5

Typical long bone features (epiphysis)

Answer 5

Outer layer of compact bone.
Internal layer spongy bone
Red bone marrow fills spongy bone

Question 6

Typical long bone features (articular cartilage)

Answer 6

Thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering a joint surface. Covers portion of epiphysis that form a joint with another bone

Question 7

Typical long bone features (metaphysis)

Answer 7

Region between the diaphysis and epiphysis. Includes epiphyseal plate. The site of bone lengthening in children.

Question 8

Typical long bone features (diaphysis)

Answer 8

Shaft. Outer compact bone with medullary cavity filled with red and yellow marrow

Question 9

Typical long bone features (periosteum)

Answer 9

Double layer membrane that covers all of bone except joint surfaces. Contains sensory pain fibers.

Inner portion of periosteum is made of osteogenic (stem) cells and bone forming cells (osteoblasts) and is knows as the osteogenic layer

Question 10

What long bone layer is known as the osteogenic layer?

Answer 10

Periosteum (double layer membrane that covers exterior bone)

Question 11

Typical long bone features (endosteum)

Answer 11

Single membrane layer that lines medullar cavity , surfaces of trabecular bone, and interior of channels of compact bone.

Contains osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteogenic cells

Question 12

Bone cells (osteocytes)

Answer 12

Bone cell. Mature bone cells that cannot divide. Most numerous. Can sense forces and stimulate increased bone density if needed.

Occupy lacunae
Separated by matrix (lamellae)
Communicate through canaliculi

Question 13

Osteoblasts

Answer 13

Bone forming cells
Produce new bony matrix ka osteogenesis or ossification

Deposits calcium to turn osteoid to bone

Question 14

Osteogenic cells

Answer 14

Stem cells that convert to osteoblasts

Locations inner lining of periosteum, endosteal lining and spongy bone, line cavities in compact bone containing blood vessels

Question 15

Osteoclasts

Answer 15

Remove and remodel bone matrix
Giant cells with 50+ nuclei
Dissolves matrix and releases stored minerals into blood