Cariovascular Function (blood pressure) Flashcards
Blood pressure is created by what kind of contraction?
Ventricular contraction
What happens during ventricular contraction?
Contraction of the ventricles pushes blood into the elastic arteries, causing them to stretch
What happens during ventricular relaxation?
Elastic recoil in the arteries maintain driving pressure during ventricular diastole
How is blood pressure measured?
What is pulse pressure (PP)? How is is calculated
Strength of pressure wave in the blood vessel
PP= systolic pressure minus diastolic pressure
What is mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
How is it calculated?
Driving pressure
-MAP= diastolic pressure + 1/3 (PP)
What are the factors that influence mean arterial pressure?
- blood volume
- effectiveness of the heart as a pump (cardiac output)
- resistance of the system to blood flow
- relative distribution of blood between arterial and venous blood vessels
What is the fast response of the body when we have high blood pressure?
- triggers a compensation by cardiovascular system
- vasodilation, and decreases cardiac output
What is the slow response of the body when we have high blood pressure?
- compensated by the kidneys
- excretion of fluid in urine will decrease blood volume
What is the relationship between blood pressure and blood flow?
- Blood flows if a pressure gradient is present
- Blood flows from areas of higher pressure to areas of lower pressure
- Blood flow is opposed by the resistance (R) of the system
What are the factors that affect the resistance of blood flow? (3)
- Radius of the blood vessels
- Length of the blood vessels
- Viscosity (thickness) of the blood
Process of capillary exchange
Where are the baroreceptor reflex detected?
-by baroreceptors (stretch sensitive) on aorta and Carotid sinus
How does the cardiovascular system react to hypertension?
How does the cardiovascular center react to orthostatic hypotension?
