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DMD 1 Sem 1 > Cariology > Flashcards

Cariology Flashcards

1
Q

CPP-ACP should not be given to people with______ ?

A

Milk allergy & Lactose Intolerance

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2
Q

Chemical plaque control should be given to people with_______

A

high risk of carries

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3
Q

What are the different types of flouride toothpaste

A

NaF, MFP, Stannous, Amine Fluoride

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4
Q

Concentration of fluoride recommended for different ages:

  • 18 months - 5 y.o.:________ppm
    > 5 y.o.:________ppm
A
  • 400-500ish
    -1000
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5
Q

Is NaF/MFP toothpaste more effective ?

A

NaF slightly more effective

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6
Q

Fluoride rinses should NOT be given to ______?

A

under 6 y.o.

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7
Q

Fluoride rinse concentrations:

  • weekly/fortnightly rinse= _______ppm
  • daily rinses = _______ppm
A
  • 900ppm (0.2%)
  • 220ppm (0.05%0
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8
Q

Fluoride mouth rinse should be used at the time of a given day when_______

A

toothpaste is not being used

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9
Q

Anything with Fluoride conc. above______ppm is prescription ONLY

A

5000

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10
Q

Fluoride gel is more effective in_______dentition ?

A

Permanent

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11
Q

What is the typical conc. of fluoride gel ?

A

9000-12,300 ppm

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12
Q

Fluoride gels should be prescribed to patients who are_______

A

> 10 y.o., HIGH caries risk

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13
Q

When applying fluoride gels, it is important to advice patients_______

A

NOT to swallow

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14
Q

In what stage of dental caries does white spot lesion occur but the enamel is still intact ?

A

Acidogenic

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15
Q

In acidogenic stage, the damage is_______

A

reversible w/ fluoride

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16
Q

Degradation of the organic matrix & collagen occur in______stage ?

A

Proteolytic stage

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17
Q

_________ contributes to the break down of collagen & other ECM proteins in dentin degradation

A

Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP)

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18
Q

Wt is the percentage of space around rods/prisms in enamel?

A

10%

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19
Q

________is the most accurate predictor for future caries

A

Past caries experience

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20
Q

What does stephen curve indicate the measure of changes in___________

A

plaque pH following a glucose drink

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21
Q

Acquired pellicle is acellular homogenous organic film that forms on enamel by___________

A

selective absorption of salivary protein

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22
Q

dental caries or dental lesion is not a disease ?

A

dental lesion

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23
Q

There are about_______species of bacteria in the mouth ?

A

500

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24
Q

What is stagnation area in dental ?

A

Ares where bacteria thrive & debris not adequately cleaned

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25
Plaque BY ITSELF (is/is not) sufficient to cause dental caries ?
is not
26
The acid produced by fermentation is trapped against the tooth surface by_________
plaque biofilm
27
Which plaque hypothesis is used now ?
Ecological plaque hypothesis
28
What does ecological plaque hypothesis state ? Caries organisms......
Caries organisms may present at the sound site but shift balance by the change of a local enviornment (i.e. sugar)
29
The first clinical sign of dental caries is a_________which is revealed when____________
white spot lesion, thick plaque removed by toothbrush
30
The radiographic sign of dental caries is__________
Radiolucency in enamel image
31
The demineralised enamel will breakdown to form______if________
Cavity, sugar exposure remains high & not disturbed
32
Cavity progression is faster in dentine because___________
it is less mineralised & has higher protein content
33
lesion arrest and natural repair occur if plaque is removed before_________starts
CAVITY development (breakdown of demineralised enamel)
34
T/F, daily cycle of demineralization & reminerlization occur
T ?
35
Floride conc. of water in HK is_____ppm
0.5
36
Fluorapatite is (less/more) resistant to future acid attack ?
more
37
teeth of individuals living in areas w/ proper floridated water develope________thru daily cycles of de & remineralization ?
Veneer of Fluorapatite
38
What are the 3 most common sites for plaque buildup ?
along gingival margins, interproximal area, groove & fissures
39
T/F, dental caries is mainly is social disease ?
T, also lifetyle related disease
40
Arrested lesion is a________that feels________when probing
Remaining scar after prev. tx, Hard
41
What are the 4 risk factors for dental caries ?
1. Dental plaque 2. dietary sucrose 3. insufficient fluoride 4. insufficient saliva
42
Cariogenic bacteria contain 6 species of Streptococcus and 2 other what species ?
Lactobacillus spp, Actinomyces spp
43
Initial white spot lesion takes______to turn into a CAVITY
~ 4 years
44
White spot lesion is the sign that the enamel is________
dissolving
45
What are the scores in the Plaque Index ?
0,1,2,3
46
Plaque Index: Score 2= Score 3=
Score 2= Visible plaque, formed 24 hrs after careful brushing Score 3= THICK visible plaque, been present for days/weeks
47
What tooth surfaces are scored in Plaque index ?
Buccal & Lingual. Buccal first
48
In white spot lesions, there are more which specie of bacteria than health enamel ?
Strep MUTAN
49
in CAVITATED lesions, strep MUTAN make up about______% of total flora ?
30
50
in MUSHY CAVITATED lesions, which 3 species are more prevalent ?
Lactobacilli, Prevotellae, BifidoBacterium
51
Oral pH rise in which 3 circumstances
1. Inc salivary flow due to chewing 2. Sugar free gum chewed 3. Cheese consumed
52
Saliva has buffering function by_________
Neutralizing acids formed by bacteria fermentation
53
T/F, saliva contains Ca & Phosphate ions to reminerlize
T
54
The critical pH is derived from the theoretical solubility of________
Enamel
55
Plaque pH return to resting pH much quicker on_________than teeth w/ carious lesions
Cavity free
56
Plaque in upper jaw is much more______plaque in lower jaw
acidogenic
57
In Vipeholm study, does sugar in solution @ mealtime INC caries incidence ?
NO
58
In vipeholm study, Sugar in______form @ what time INC caries incidence the MOST ?
Sticky form BETWEEN meals
59
In vipeholm study, when sugar is decreased in all forms as much as possible, no one dvlp caries ?
F, a few subjects still dvlp caries
60
T/F, sucrose is more cariogenic than fructose ?
F, it is inconclusive which is more cariogenic
61
What is the greatest indicator of future caries risk ?
Past caries experience
62
Ppl w_____or more DMFS @ baseline is 7 times more likely to dvlp future caries lesions
4
63
Optimal fluoride lv in community depends on___________
how much water ppl drink
64
On avg, water fluroidation reduce caries risk by____% in perm. teeth & _____% in primary teeth
60, 50
65
_____color of disclosing agent indicate acid pdtion and pH <_____
light blue, <4.5
66
Blue/purple color of disclosing agent indicates plaque biofilm has been around for >_____hours ?
>48
67
_____color of disclosing agent indicates thin layer of plaque biofilm ?
Pink/Red
68
No fluoridated toothpaste should be recommended to individuals <_________
< 18 months
69
Brush (before/after) breakfast
After
70
Chlorhexidine is effective against which 3 types of microbes ?
gram +., gram -, yeasts
71
Chlorhexidine belongs to chemical group of________
bisbiguanides
72
T/F, chemical plaque control is given to patients w/ good oral health
F, only to those w/ bad oral health & high caries risk
73
Fortnightly fluoride rinse reduce caries by____%
25
74
________is metabolised by bacteria into a side product which neutralize plaque acids ?
Arginine
75
SnF2 is used @____% for children &_____% for adults in solutions
8, 10
76
What are the 4 fxns of SnF2
Prevention of gingivitis, infection, caries & relieve dental hypersensitivity
77
SnF2 containing (dentifrices/solution or gel) has higher risk of staining ?
solution or gel
78
Deficiency in which 2 vitamins can disrupt salivary flow & protective qualities of saliva ?
A,D
79
Foods containing phytic acid can dec. the absorption of__________, which contribute to_________
Fe Zn Mg Ca, demineralization
80
If there is no water fluoridation, what toothpaste should be given to a person that is 12 months old ?
400-500ppm fluoride toothpaste

DMD 1 Sem 1 (9 decks)

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