Caries and Oral Biology Flashcards
What is the etiopathology of caries
dental plaque
diet
tooth
time
why was time added to the etiopathology of caries
there is a need of time to generate caries but it is not just how long but how frequently is there access to sugar
what is the best adapted bacteria
bacteria that is most fit for installing itself onto the surface of the tooth
why are teeth coated in protein
otherwise the surface will be too harsh and damage the mucosa
how have bacteria adapted to the surface of the tooth
they can attach well to proteins
what are the secondary elements
saliva buffer capacity clearance rate diet composition/frequency microbial species
what are the external factors that drive secondary elements
social class education income behaviors attitude knowledge
what is caries defined as
demineralization of the tooth surface due to acid produced by acidogenic bacteria.
when does remineralization occur
when there is no sugar present
why is an exposed lesion less dangerous than an unexposed one
if exposed we can clean the area
why is the surface of a lesion not the most demineralized
The area that is first to remineralise is the surface, the sub surface takes time to remineralise while the surface both demineralizes and remineralises very quickly.
why should we not probe white spot lesions
can cause a fracture
do white spot lesions have carious dentine
no
what happens to the rods in enamel lesions
the rods do not dissapaear but they become thinner and the gaps between the rods become more present. The rod length is preserved
what crystallites are more prone to demineralization
crystallites that are sideways to the rod
what happens in the first stage of inter proximal caries
plaque builds up under the contact area
plaque produce acid which causes a white spot lesion
demineralization establishes a response to dentine and the dentine has an initial sclerosis which is not visible under a radiograph
what happens in the second stage of approximal caries
demin of enamel and start of demin of dentine
structure has not changed much
sclerosis has started to progress
what happens in the third stage of approximal caries
continuing demineralisation
initial phase of tertiary dentine
at this stage we have loss of mineral but not loss of tissue
what happens in the fourth stage of approximal caries
cavitiation
the sclerotic dentine progresses
presence of microorganisms inside dentine
what is the appearance of a white spot lesion
chalk white colour
not bright but as they remineralize they become brighter
what are the proteolytic bacteria
s. sanguinis
s. gordonii
what is the characteristic of an inactive lesion
smooth
what is the change in pH of inactive lesions similar to
that of sound teeth
why is there an ecological shift in active lesions
S.mutans has a pump as it is acidogenic bacteria which lives well in acidic conditions. It produces acid and the other bacterias die down overtime.
describe the first stage of pits and fissure caries
start of demineralization of enamel
describe the second stage of pits and fissure caries
Demineralisation of enamel goes further
There is already sclerotic dentine
describe the third stage of pits and fissure caries
Spreads quickly in dentine because the tubules branch at the ADJ (ballooning effect)
why are root caries harder to treat
Restoring root caries is difficult because restoration teeth is based on the surrounding material being hard enough to glue to our material. On these lesions there is no enamel. The enamel is at the cervical region. Therefore, there is exposed dentine and materials don’t bond well to dentine
where is fluoride concentraiton highest
surface of the tooth
why is pits and fissure caries different
the rods in the fissures are organized in a different way
how are the rods in the fissures organized
perpendicular to the surface
where is the buffer in the pits and fissures
surface region
where is the demineralisation of the the pits and fissures greatest
core central regions
highest concentration of acid
