Caries 1

Question 1

what is dental caries?

Answer 1

demineralisation of the mineralised tissues of the teeth

Question 2

what is the 4 Aetiology things of caries?

Answer 2

tooth time sugar plaque

Question 3

where does enamel caries happen?

Answer 3

smooth surfaces pits & fissures

Question 4

what is the first sign of enamel caries?

Answer 4

white spot lesion

Question 5

Bacteria in the mouth are capable of fermenting sugar to produce acid causing the pH in the mouth to

Answer 5

fall below 5 in 1-3 minutes

Question 6

repeated falls of ph in the mouth causes ?

Answer 6

demineralisation

Question 7

The longer that the oral cavity is exposed to sugar the more demineralisation can occur-it takes how many minutes to return to normal pH?

Answer 7

30-60 mins

Question 8

Progression of Lesions in Dentine can be what colour?

Answer 8

bluish

Question 9

Progression of Lesions in Dentine is hard and dark if caries is?

Answer 9

slow spreading

Question 10

if caries in dentine is rapidly spreading what colour may it be

Answer 10

soft cream colour

Question 11

what does pit and fissure caries look like and what can it lead to?

Answer 11

Small pit surrounded by a white area progressing to an open cavity which can lead to inflammation of the pulp (pulpitis) then lead to a apical access

Question 12

where is smooth surface caries found?

Answer 12

Can occur on any smooth surface of the tooth, interdentally, along the gingival margin
Initially chalky white area
Gradually roughens
Open cavity

Question 13

where is Root surface caries found? and who is it most commonly found on?

Answer 13

cementum and dentine only on the root surface of the tooth
Frequently occurs in older people due to gingival recession

Question 14

what is the Blacks classification of cavities (historical)?

Answer 14

to classify dental caries

Question 15

what are some different ways you can detect caries?

Answer 15

visual
Radiographs
TTS- temporary tooth seperatin
FOTI – fibre optic transillumination

Question 16

what are symptoms for caries?

Answer 16

Reversible Pulpitis: evoked by hot, cold, sweet stimuli, disappearing when cause is removed.

Irreversible Pulpitis: pain persists for minutes or hours after removal of the stimulus.

Necrotic pulps are painless.

Question 17

Other Types of Caries

Answer 17

Recurrent caries
Rampant caries
Nursing caries
Arrested Caries

Question 18

Which micro-organisms are responsible for the aetiology of dental caries?

Answer 18

Streptococcus Mutans
Lactobacillus Species
Actinomyces Species

Question 19

what do streptococcus mutants do?

Answer 19

Rapidly metabolise sugars to lactic acid

Question 20

what can a VIT A deficiency cause in the oral cavity?

Answer 20

changes in both epithelial tissues and salivary glands salivary flow and composition of saliva may be affected

Question 21

A deficiency of protein during tooth development, may cause what?

Answer 21

may alter tooth structure, possibly increasing caries potential due to deficient mineral content within the tooth structure

Also affects salivary glands, in terms of growth and secretory function

Question 22

what can a vit D help?

Answer 22

Vit.D can help restrict hypoplasia in the permanent dentition and therefore restrict caries if taken pre-eruptively

Question 23

what is the composition of diet?

Answer 23

CARBOHYDRATES
FATS
PROTEINS
VITAMINS
MINERALS
WATER
ROUGHAGE

Question 24

Distinction between the different types of sugars

Answer 24

Intrinsic- NATURAL SUGARS
Food which contains naturally occurring sugars

Extrinsic- LACTOSE
Is thought to be moderately cariogenic on its own..

Non Milk Extrinsic - HIDDEN SUGARS
Food containing sugars which we considered to be “Added sugars”

Question 25

why is it important that the ADJ is caries free?

Answer 25

so secondary caries cannot happen