Care Of The Newborn Flashcards
Girl under 18 suspected FGM should be reported to?
Police
HI doctor my periods are really painful what medication can I take to make it better
Yes the non steroidal anti inflammatory drug such as Mefanamic acid or ibuprofen
Hi doctor for my heavy bleeding during my period what medication do I need to take
Tranexamic acid
Good Morning Doctor lately I’ve been needing to go to the toilet more frequently than normal. What are my treatment options?
Bladder retraining exercise
Medications such as tolterodine
Hi Doctor I was diagnosed with PCOS years ago and have been struggling to have a baby
What medication can you give me that might help
Ok so we can try a medication called clomifene.
Hi doctor I have been taking clomifene to try and help me get pregnant because I suffer from PCOS I don’t think it’s working what else can we try
So we can try you on metformin and see how it goes
Hi Doctor my last cervical smear test came back saying that I have moderate dyskariosis what happens next?
I will refer you for a scan of your cervix called colonoscopy within the next 2 weeks
Hi doctor ive heard that sometimes if labour isnt progressing as intended the woman may be asked o go into mcroberts position what is that
hips fully flexes and abducted
Hi doctor on a ctg is variability of less than 5bpm something to be concerned about?
no
Hi doctor what is the normal heart rate for a foetus?
100 - 160 bpm
Hi doctor i was looking at a CTG and noticed some decelerations, what do decelerations correspond to?
the onset of a contraction which is normal
Hi doctor i am 30 weeks pregnant and this is my first child. I was told that my baby needed to be turned because it was in the wrong position. Please can you do this today?
No the earliest we can try to turn your baby (ECV) is at 36 weeks since you havent had a child before
Hi doctor i am 32 weeks pregnant and this is my third child. I was told that my baby needed to be turned because it was in the wrong position. Please can you do this today?
No the earliest we can try to turn your baby (ECV) is 37 weeks since you havent had a child before
Hi Dr I was doing some reading into common causes of neonatal death but I can’t remember what the top cause is can you tell me
Pneumonia
Hi Dr on the topic of Childhood death for children under 5 I can’t quite remember what the second leading cause was can you tell me
Preterm birth complications
Hi Dr I was just pretending to a newborn child and I noticed that the child is breathing very very quickly is this normal
This may be due to a condition called transient tachypnea of the newborn which usually resolves itself
Hi Dr I can’t quite remember what respiratory distress syndrome is please can you describe it to me?
Insufficient surfactant production
hi Dr I have just attended the scene where are less than one day year old newborn is showing signs of respiratory distress what do we need to do for this child
Ventilation and nasal CPAP
Hi Dr I have been looking after a 32 year old woman who is 32 weeks into her pregnancy. She has ruptured her membranes and we are concerned that it has been more than 24 hours does this put the fetus at increased risk of infection
Yes the foetus is at increased risk of picking up congenital pneumonia
Hi Dr I have just seen a less than one day old newborn child to initially appeared to be struggling to breathe but after a couple of hours seem to be fine. What causes transient tachypnea of the newborn?
Delayed clearance of lung fluid
Hi Dr I have just checked the chest x-ray for a newborn infant who was born at 40 weeks. The x-ray shows coarse streaking and fluid in interlobar fissures what is the diagnosis
Transient tachypnea of the newborn
Hi Dr I was just looking at a chest x-ray for a newly born child which shows hyperinflation of the lungs with course streaking and patchy consolidation what is the diagnosis
Meconium aspiration syndrome
Hi Dr there is an emergency we were trying to treat a newly born child for respiratory distress syndrome by giving him CPAP but a complication seems to have occurred although we are not sure what exactly can you tell us?
Air leak pneumothorax is a complication of CPAP treatment and the complication of newborn infection
Hi Dr one of the medical students has noticed that one of the newborns makes a harsh noise every time it takes a breath in. So we investigated the newborn and noticed that it’s epiglottis was folding over its airway. Do you know what the name of this mal formation is called?
Laryngomalacia
One of the medical students has just asked you what the normal weight for a newborn is what would you tell her
3.5 kg
One of the medical students has asked you when a newborn is considered small what would you tell him
2.5 kg and under
Hi Dr I’ve just finished examining the newborn you told me to take a look at. On inspection there was generalised erythema across the Trunk accompanied by multiple papules and pustules however the palms of the hands and soles of the feet were spared. What could be going on?
Erythema toxicum which is a transient condition that should resolve itself
Hi Dr I’ve noticed that a newborn child has a pinkish patch on its forehead. It is definitely not a port wine stain. The parents are concerned that’s it won’t fade what should I tell them?
It is most likely a birthmark known as a salmon patch or Angel Kiss which typically improves on its own
Hi Dr I’ve recently examined a newborn and I’ve noticed that it has a deep red port wine stain on its face the parents are concerned that it won’t fade what should I tell them?
Unfortunately port-wine stains are permanent and do not improve on their own
Hi Dr one of the medical students was asking me what the name of the manoeuvres were to check if a child has hip dysplasia. Can you tell me
Yep these manoeuvres are known as barlows and ortolani
Hi Dr we have just had to deliver a baby through forceps and unfortunately it was a traumatic delivery is there any condition that the newborn is now at risk of?
Because of the trauma to the Head the newborn is at risk of a cephalhematoma
Hi Dr I have just finished the examining a newborn whose hands are pointed like a waiters tip I remember from second year that this was the name of a palsy but I can’t quite remember which one can you tell me
Erb’s palsy
Hi Dr a medical students was in the neonatal intensive care unit and saw a baby in a special chamber with protective eyewear. She asked the midwife why the baby was in there but the midwife couldn’t remember. Why might a baby receive phototherapy?
Neonatal jaundice
Hi Dr I remember that newborns are screened approximately at day 5 for a group of conditions such as hypothyroidism, cystic fibrosis haemoglobinopathies and there was an inborn error of metabolism as well but I can’t remember which one? Can you tell me
Phenylketonuria
Hi Dr I have just finished attending the birth of a newborn however there were some complications the cord was wrapped around the baby’s neck and I’m worried that it may have been starved of oxygen temporarily. Apart from the cerebral palsy is there another condition which would result from hypoxia to the brain
Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
Hi Dr I have just finished it ending an interesting lecture and Bristol where they were talking about treatment for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy it had something to do with temperature but I can’t quite remember can you tell me
Yes selective head cooling for 72 hours at 33 and a half degrees Celsius
Hi Dr I was just doing some reading about conditions in the newborn that may cause death
I came across a specific type of bleed in the brain known as an intraventricular hemorrhage and I was wondering if there were any medications that could be given to try and prevent this
Yes you can try corticosteroids
Hi Dr I saw a newborn about a week ago who I’ve noticed had a bleed on the brain which we diagnosed as intraventricular hemorrhage. I am really concerned about his prognosis and was wondering if you could tell me more about complications of this condition
Intraventricular hemorrhage after 9 days can lead to contralateral hemiplegia paralysis on one side typically opposite to the side affected by the trauma
Hi Dr I know that newborns to be of a healthy weight need to be about 3.5 kg Plus but when is a baby considered low birth weight
2.5 kg and under
Hi Dr I helped to deliver a baby that weighs 1.2 kg today. I know this is low but can we be more specific in terms of its weight category
Under 1.5 kilograms but greater than 1 kg is defined as a very low birth weight neonate
Hi Dr we have just helped deliver a baby who was 26 weeks and we are really worried his birth weight is 900g which weight category does that put him in
Extremely low birth weight since his weight is below 1 kg
Hi Dr I have just been looking at the abdominal x-ray of a preterm infant who was born at 25 weeks weighing 750g. His abdominal X-ray shows distended gut Loops and air in the liver. His pH is acidotic. Could you tell me my what might possibly be going on
Pneumatosis intestinalis
Hi Dr we have just finished examining a Child Who we believe has a persisting ductus arteriosus I remember from Anatomy that there were other structures in the fetal body that shouldn’t be present in an adult can you tell me what the other ones were
Persistent foramen ovale and persisting ductus venosus
Hi Dr we have just delivered a newborn who we are worried may have Group B strep infection acquired from the mother you need to administer antibiotics but I can’t remember where the Group B strep is gram positive or gram negative can you tell me
streP = positive
Hi Dr I was doing some reading and noticed that neonates may suffer from infections such as E coli and listeria monocytogenes which are both rod shaped bacteria but I can’t remember which one was gram positive
Listeria is gram positive
Hi Dr I have just witnessed the birth of a neonate however the mum had Group B strep infection so she was given intrapartum antibiotics can you tell me which antibiotic is usually given intrapartum for infections like Group B strep
Benzylpenicillin
Hi Dr I have just administered benzylpenicillin to a 30 year old lady who is 38 weeks into her pregnancy I want to cover for meningitis as well which antibiotic would you recommend
Cefotaxime
Hi Dr we have just an examination of the newborn and we suspect that he has nappy rash we can’t remember what medication we need to give him can you tell us
Give nystatin or miconazole because the most common cause of nappy rash is candida
Hi Dr we were worried about a child who wasn’t feeding well
we did an abdominal X-Ray and discovered that he had dilated Loops of bowel intramural gas and there was also free gas under the diaphragm
What could be going on
Free gas under the diaphragm is indicative of a perforated bowel which may have occurred because of necrotising enterocolitis
Hi Dr I have a medical student with me today who is asking about the TB vaccination first off can you tell me what the TB vaccination is
BCG vaccine
