Cards 40-49

Question 1

What are “sunk” costs?

Answer 1

Sunk costs describes funds already sunk in the project

Question 2

Do project managers have control over EEFs?

Answer 2

No, project managers have no control over enterprise environmental factors. They restrict the PM’s choices

Question 3

What are some examples of EEFs?

Answer 3

• Internal (created by the organization but outside of the project, i.e.: you must use this software, create reports every 2 weeks; organizational culture and structure, physical location of resources, employee capability)
• External (marketplace conditions, laws and regulations, commercial databases, academic research, government and industry standards, financial, weather)

Question 4

What are examples of OPAs?

Answer 4

• resources within organization, historical information, standardized guidelines, templates
• standards, policies (these can be both EEFs and OPAs)
• how changes are allowed to come into project
• financial controls (e.g. codes)
• communication requirements (e.g. standard forms)
• processes for project activities (e.g. change control)
• project closing procedures, validation, evaluations

Question 5

What do organizational systems provide?

Answer 5

Organizational systems provide structure and governance, permissions and work authorization (how will employee 2 know that employee 1 finished their section and is handing task off), employee discipline, defined by organization management

Question 6

What is system dynamics?

Answer 6

System dynamics is the relationship between components (departments/projects/management and employees), bureaucracy, politics, policies

Question 7

What is a framework?

Answer 7

1. Governance defines what you can and cannot do in an organization
2. How you operate within a system
3. Framework is the organizational structure