cardiovascuular

Question 1

the managment of angina

Answer 1

goals- to increase the blood flow to mycocardium and o2
nitroglycerin-to dilates the vein
antiplatelet
beta adrengic,ca channel

Question 2

st depression express

Answer 2

ischemia chance when the s dip too down

Question 3

valvular diseases accquired

Answer 3

mitral valve prolapse-stretching of leaflet into atrium during sysitole
mitral stenosis- obstruction la to lv
mitral regurition-eject back blood to la
aortic st-obstruction lv to aorta
aortic regurition-obstruction lv to aorta

Question 4

cause of cad

Answer 4

hereditary,dm,htn,smoking,stress,age,gender,obesity

Question 5

managment of cad

Answer 5

1. to reduce risk factors
   to restore blood flow - antiplatelets,b adrengic,ca channel
   2, surgery ptca, angiplasty,cabg
2. anti hyprtensive,manage dm htn cholestrol , exercise,cesation of smoking
   4.relieve pain - ecg check ,oxygen therpay
   maintain cardiac output
   anixety

Question 6

cardiomyopathies

Answer 6

it is disorder of heart muscle ,cardiac output decreases due to dsyfunction of mycocardium

Question 7

types and cause of cardiomypathies

Answer 7

cause- idopathic
restrictive- thick , rigid due to deposition of protien
hypertrophic-increased cells loosing it flexibilt cause htn, hyper thyrodism
dilated- distended left ventricle,enlarged due to loose muscle ,idopathic,infection,,pregnancy

Question 8

myocardial infraction and it causes

Answer 8

due to pronlonged decrease of 02 in blood leads to necrosis of mycordial cell, destruction of cells
cause-occlusion of artery leasds precepitation of thrombus
infection, age, obesity, low 02 in blood
stress

Question 9

hypertension

Answer 9

presistent elevation of systolic pressure 140mmhg diastolic 90mmhg or higher or pheripheral vascular resistance

Question 10

diuretics helps in

Answer 10

lowering bp by excreting the excessive sodium from water

Question 11

cardiac arrest

Answer 11

condition in which apnea or cardiac failur.in it cardiac system fails to pump blood effectively
cause-cariac tamponade,mi,hemmorrhage,cad,
mangment-cpr

Question 12

cardiac arrest and heart attack diff

Answer 12

-ca -it could electrical conduction issue or sudden apnea and circulatory failure
mi- it is due to pronlonged shortage of o2 leading to ischemia destruction of cells

Question 13

syptoms and managment of Carrest

Answer 13

1. absence of cartoid pulse
2. no breathing
   3.cyanosis
   4.unconciouss
   5.dilated pupils
   6.fits sezirues
   7.drowning,posioni,drug overdoes
   managment
   1.cpr
   2.defribilators
   3.med-adrenaline,sodium bicarbonate,atropin

Question 14

SYMPTOMS OF CHF

DROWNING(LCHF),SWELLING(RCHF)

Answer 14

LCHF-dsypnes,orthopnea,fatigue,weakness,tachyc,forthy blood tinged sputum,crackles,wheezing sound,bubbling respiration,anixety,pulse becomes weak,wieght gain

rchf-edema in lower extremities,hepatomgaly,ascites,anorexia,fatigue weakness,nausea,nocturia,disinteded viens,wieght gain

Question 15

chf

Answer 15

cardiac function disorder ,delivers reduced o2 to body
due to dysfunction of diastolic or systolic left ventricle

Question 16

cardogenic shock

Answer 16

not able to pump blood and contract and impaired and inaqdeuate 02 supply to heartt and tissues

Question 17

chf managment

Answer 17

direutics,vasodilater,ace inhibter,b addrengic,ristrict na and fluid,high folwers,wieght check,pulse check,legs elevated,foleys catheter,manage bp,surgery