Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pe : Applied Anatomy and Physiology > Cardiovascular System Keywords > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Keywords Flashcards

1
Q

Myogenic

A

The capacity of the heart to generate its own impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sinoatrial node (SAN or SA node)

A

A small mass of cardiac muscle found in the wall of the right atrium that generates the heartbeat.
More commonly called the pacemaker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Atrioventricular node (AVN or AV node)

A

Relays the impulse between the upper and lower sections of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Systole

A

When the heart contracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bundle of His

A

A collection of heart muscle cells that transmit electrical impulses from the AVN via the bundle branches to the ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Purkinje fibres

A

Muscle fibres that conduct impulses in the walls of the ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sympathetic system

A

Part of the autonomous nervous system that speeds up heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Parasympathetic system

A

Part of the autonomic nervous system that decreases heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

Most important part of the brain as it regulates processes that keep us alive such as breathing and heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

Tiny structures in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that detect changes in blood acidity caused by an increase or decrease in the concentration of carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Baroreceptors

A

Special sensors in tissues in the aortic arch, carotid sinus, heart and pulmonary vessels that respond to changes in blood pressure to either increase or decrease heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Proprioceptors

A

Sensory nerve endings in the muscles, tendons and joints that detect changes in muscle movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Adrenaline

A

A stress hormone that is released by the sympathetic nerves and cardiac nerve during exercise which causes an increase in heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Stroke volume

A

The volume of blood pumped out by the heart ventricles in each contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ejection fraction

A

The percentage of blood pumped out by the left ventricle per beat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Diastole phase

A

When the heart relaxes to fill with blood

17
Q

Cardiac output

A

The volume of blood pumped out by the heart ventricles per minute

18
Q

Cardiac hypertrophy

A

The thickening of the muscular wall of the heart so it becomes bugger and stronger; also can mean a larger ventricular cavity

19
Q

Bradycardia

A

A decrease in resting heart rate to below 60 beats per minute

20
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

Occurs when arteries harden and narrow as they become clogged up by fatty deposits

21
Q

Atheroma

A

A fatty deposit found in the inner lining of an artery

22
Q

Angina

A

Chest pain that occurs when the blood supply through the coronary arteries to the muscles of the heart is restricted

23
Q

Stroke

A

Occurs when blood supply to brain is cut off

24
Q

Steady state

A

Where the athlete is able to meet oxygen demand with the oxygen supply

25
Q

Blood pressure

A

The force exerted by the blood against the blood vessel wall

26
Q

Systolic pressure

A

The pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are contracting

27
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

The pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are relaxing

28
Q

Venous return

A

The return of blood to the right side of the heart via the vena cava

29
Q

Plasma

A

The fluid part of the blood (mainly water) that surrounds blood cells and transports them

30
Q

Haemoglobin

A

An iron-containing pigment found in red blood cells, which combines with oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin

31
Q

Myoglobin

A

Often called ‘muscle haemoglobin’
An iron containing muscle pigment in slow-twitch muscle fibres which has a higher affinity for oxygen than haemoglobin.
It stores the oxygen in the muscle fibres which can be used quickly when exercise begins

32
Q

Mitochondria

A

‘Powerhouse of cell’

Where respiration and energy production occur

33
Q

Bohr shift

A

When an increase in blood CO2 and a decrease in pH results in a reduction of the affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen

34
Q

pH

A

A measure of acidity
The range goes from 1-14
Anything less than 7 indicates acidity

35
Q

Vascular shunt mechanism

A

Redistribution of cardiac output

36
Q

Vasodilation

A

Widening of blood vessels to increase the flow of blood into capillaries

37
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

The narrowing of the blood vessels to reduce blood flow into capillaries

38
Q

Arterio-venous difference

A

A-VO2 diff
The difference between the oxygen content of the arterial blood arriving at the muscles and the venous blood leaving the muscles

Pe : Applied Anatomy and Physiology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions