Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science Topic 2 > Cardiovascular system > Flashcards

Cardiovascular system Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Describe how the cardiovascular system contributes to cell survival

A

the body needs a transport system to deliver nutrients and oxygen to all body cells. the blood is the transport vehicle and the force required to move the blood around the body is provided by the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of the heart? (cardi-)

A

it is a muscular pump that provides the force to move blood around the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of the blood vessels? (vasc-)

A

it is a hollow network of tubes or vessels to bring blood past cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the cardiovascular system transport?

A

it transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, waste produced by cells and hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the heart characteristics

A

> located in the thoracic cavity
it is two thirds to the left and one third from the right of the midline
medial to the lungs
pointed apex pointing towards the left hip
broad base pointing towards the right shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the four chambers located in the heart?

A
  1. right atrium
  2. left atrium
  3. right ventricle
  4. left ventricle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the two top chambers of the heart?

A

right atrium and left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the two lower chambers of the heart?

A

right ventricle and left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the right atrium do?

A

it receives deoxygenated blood returning from the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the left atrium do?

A

it receives oxygenated blood returning from the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does the right ventricle do?

A

it pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the left ventricle do?

A

it pumps oxygenated blood to the whole body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name four valves located in the heart

A
  1. tricuspid valve
  2. bicuspid valve
  3. cord tendineae
  4. semilunar valve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name four main blood vessels of the heart

A
  1. superior vena cava and inferior vena cava
  2. pulmonary arteries
  3. pulmonary veins
  4. aorta
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the tricuspid valve

A

it is the right AV valve and it has 3 cusps of flaps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the bicuspid valve

A

> it is the left AV valve
it has two cusps or flaps
another common name for this is mitral valve

17
Q

Describe the chordae tendineae

A

> it is tiny white cords

> it anchors the cusps of the AV valves to the walls of the ventricle for support

18
Q

Describe the semilunar valves

A

> it is located at the base of the two largest arteries

> they stop blood flowing backwards into the ventricles when the ventricles relax

19
Q

What does the superior and inferior vena cava do?

A

it returns deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium

20
Q

What does the pulmonary arteries do?

A

it carries the oxygenated blood from the right ventricle towards the lungs

21
Q

What does the pulmonary veins do?

A

it carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle towards the body

22
Q

What does the aorta do?

A

it carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle towards the body.

23
Q

Describe the pathway of blood flow through the heart

A

as the heart beats ( or contracts ), the blood makes a continuous one-way trip into the heart, to the lungs and back to the heart, around the body then back to the heart to repeat the journey

24
Q

What is the pulmonary circuit?

A

> it is when deoxygenated blood goes from the heart to lungs
in the lungs it loses carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen
it then becomes oxygenated then returns to the heart

25
Q

What is the systemic circuit?

A

> it is when oxygenated blood goes from the heart to the body
it then delivers oxygen to the cells and picks up carbon dioxide waste produced by the cells
it then becomes deoxygenated then returns to the heart

26
Q

What causes the heart sounds?

A

> it happens when the heart valve open and closes passively because of the pressure difference on either side of the valve.
closure of the valves causes the characteristics sound of the heartbeat

27
Q

What do arteries do?

A

> they carry blood away from the heart
the large arteries branch into smaller and smaller arteries
they are then called arterioles when they become extremely small

28
Q

Explain arteries, veins and capillaries

A

when arteries become small they then feed into the capillaries which forms the capillary beds. capillary beds are then drained by veins the converge into successively larger veins and carry blood towards the heart

29
Q

What is gas exchange

A

it is when the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide into and out of the blood

30
Q

What are the two sites for gas exchange in the body?

A

lungs and body tissue

31
Q

What is blood pressure?

A

it is the strength of this pushing force against the walls of the vessels. it is the force that keeps blood circulating continuously, even between heartbeats.

32
Q

What does hypertension mean?

A

high blood pressure which means the blood vessels are moving wth extra force

33
Q

What can happen if you have a high blood pressure ?

A

overtime it can lead to damage arteries, increase the risk of heart attack and damage organs

34
Q

What is systolic blood pressure?

A

it indicates how much pressure your blood is exerting against your artery walls when your heart beats (contracts)

35
Q

What is diastolic blood pressure?

A

it indicates how much pressure your blood is exerting against your artery walls while the heart is resting and refilling between beats

36
Q

What do lymphatic vessels do?

A

they return fluid leaked from the blood back to the cardiovascular system

37
Q

What plays an essential role in the bodies defence and resistance to diseases?

A

lymphoid tissues and organs

38
Q

Explain Lymph

A

lymph flows towards the heart aided by the action of skeletal muscle, pressure changes durn breathing and the rhythmical contraction of smooth muscle in the lymphatic vessel wall

Science Topic 2 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions