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P E > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Name the four chambers of the heart

A

Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle

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2
Q

Which artery takes blood out of the left side of the heart?

A

Aorta

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3
Q

Which artery takes blood out of the right side of the heart?

A

Pulmonary artery

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4
Q

Which vein takes blood into the left side of the heart?

A

Pulmonary vein

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5
Q

Which vein takes blood into the right side of the heart?

A

Vena cava

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6
Q

Which vein takes blood from the lungs into the heart?

A

Pulmonary vein

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7
Q

Which vein takes blood from the body into the heart?

A

Vena cava

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8
Q

Which artery takes blood from the heart around the body?

A

Aorta

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9
Q

Which artery takes blood from the heart to the lungs?

A

Pulmonary artery

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10
Q

What separates the two sides of the heart to keep oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separate?

A

Septium

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11
Q

Which valve controls blood going from the left atrium into the left ventricle?

A

Biscupid valve

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12
Q

Which valve controls blood going from the right atrium into the right ventricle?

A

Triscupid valve

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13
Q

Which valves controls blood going out of the ventricles?

A

Semi-lunar valves

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14
Q

Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

A

Arteries

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15
Q

Which blood vessels carry blood towards the heart?

A

Veins

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16
Q

Which blood vessels contain valves to prevent the backflip of blood?

A

Veins

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17
Q

Which are the smallest blood vessels?

A

Capillaries

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18
Q

Which blood vessels allow gaseous exchange between the blood and lungs and between blood and muscles?

A

Capillaries

19
Q

What are the functions of the cardiovascular system?

A

Controls body temperature (thermoregulation)
Fight infection
Transports oxygen, nutrients and waste products

20
Q

Name the 3 blood vessels

A

Arterys
Veins
Capillaries

21
Q

Name the 4 components of blood

A

Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Plasma

22
Q

Which blood cell contains haemoglobin to transport oxygen?

A

Red blood cells

23
Q

Which blood cells contain antibodies to fight infection?

A

White blood cells

24
Q

What part of blood is mainly water and transports nutrients, hormones and waste products?

A

Plasma

25
Q

What part of blood forms blood clots to stop infections entering the body?

A

Platelets

26
Q

Define heart rate

A

The number of times your heart beats in one minute.

27
Q

Define stroke volume

A

The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one beat

28
Q

Define cardiac output

A

Amount of blood pumped out per minute

29
Q

How do you calculate cardiac output?

A

Heart rate x stroke volume

30
Q

What happens to your heart rate when you exercise?

A

It rises

31
Q

What term means that your muscles get bigger?

A

Hyper trophy

32
Q

What are the 3 things the cardiovascular system is made up of?

A

Heart
Blood
Blood vessels

33
Q

What happens to the blood in the Systemic circuit?

A

Blood goes from the left side of the heart, out of the aorta to the body where it drops off oxygen to muscles and picks up carbon dioxide, then it goes back into the right side of the heart through the vena cava.

34
Q

What happens to the blood in the pulmonary circuit?

A

Blood goes from the right side of the heart through the pulmonary artery, to the lungs where it picks up oxygen and drops off carbon dioxide and goes back to the heart through the pulmonary vein.

35
Q

What are the two circuits that are involved in double circulation?

A

Systemic circuit

Pulmonary circuit

36
Q

What do arteries do?

A

Carry blood away from the heart

37
Q

What do veins do?

A

Carry blood back to the heart

38
Q

What do capillaries do?

A

The smallest blood vessel, only 1 cell thick, diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide happens here

39
Q

What is vascular shunt?

A

When you exercise your muscles need more oxygen to work.

The vascular shunt helps divert more blood and oxygen to the working muscles by taking it away from places that don’t need as much like the digestive system.

40
Q

What is vasoconstriction?

A

Means the capillaries to the digestive system get smaller so less blood can flow to them.

41
Q

What is vasodilation?

A

Means the capillaries to the muscle get bigger so more blood can flow to them.

42
Q

List the 4 short term effects of exercising on the cardiascular system

A

Heart rate increases
Stroke volume increases
Cardiac output increases
Blood is redistributed from the digestive system to the muscles

43
Q

List the 5 long terms effects on the cardiovascular system

A 
Hypertrophy of the heart
Resting heart rate decreases
Maximal stroke volume increases
Maximal cardiac output increases
Rate of recovery decreases

P E (10 decks)

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