Cardiovascular system

Question 1

Apical impulse

Answer 1

Known as the point of Maximal Impulse (PMI) located about the 5th intercostal space at the left mid-clavicular line

Question 2

Blood pressure

Answer 2

The pressure of the blood against the walls of the blood vessels Normal blood pressure is less than 120 mmHg systolic and less than 80 mmHg diastolic

Question 3

Blood Viscosity

Answer 3

the ability or inability of blood to flow easily

Question 4

bradycardia

Answer 4

slowness of the heart beat, as evidenced by slowing of the pulse rate to less than 60 beats per minute

Question 5

bruits

Answer 5

swooshing sounds heard over major blood vessels; indicates a partially blocked or over extended artery causing blood to swirl rather than flow

Question 6

Cardiac output

Answer 6

volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle per minute. Average 3.5 liters to 8 in a healthy adult.

Question 7

Diastole

Answer 7

The phase of the cardiac cycle in which the heart relaxes between contractions, specifically the relaxation.

Question 8

diastolic pressure

Answer 8

the least amount of pressure exerted on arterial walls which occurs when the heart is at rest between ventricle contractions. It is the denominator or lower number of the blood pressure fraction.

Question 9

Hypertension

Answer 9

Persistently high blood pressure with systolic readings of greater than 140 mmHg and diastolic readings over 90 mmHg.

Question 10

Pre hypertension

Answer 10

blood pressure readings with a systolic pressure between 120 mmHg and 139 mmHg and diastolic pressure between 80 and 90 mmHg.

Question 11

Hypotension

Answer 11

a consistently low blood pressure below the normal limits

Question 12

korotkoff sounds

Answer 12

sounds heard during auscultation of blood pressure. Series of sounds that correspond to changes in blood flow through an artery as pressure is released.

Question 13

Orthostatic hypotension

Answer 13

Low blood pressure associated with weakness or fainting when one rises to an erect position

Question 14

peripheral resistance

Answer 14

restraint to blood flow created by arteriole walls in partial state of contraction

Question 15

precordium

Answer 15

the region over the heart and lower thorax

Question 16

pulse

Answer 16

the beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries such as the carotid artery, brachial artery, radial artery, ulnar artery, femoral artery, popiteal artery, posterior tibial and dorsalis artery. or auscultated at the apex of the heart

Question 17

pulse rate

Answer 17

the number of pulsations felt over a peripheral artery or over the apex of the heart in one minute

Question 18

pulse rhythm

Answer 18

the pattern of pulsations and pauses. Normal sinus rhythm is regular

Question 19

stroke volume

Answer 19

the quantity of blood volume forced out of the left ventricle with each contraction

Question 20

systole

Answer 20

the contraction or period of contraction of the heart especially of the ventricles during which blood is forced into the aorta and pulmonary artery

Question 21

systolic pressure

Answer 21

the highest pressure exerted on the arterial walls during the contraction phase of the ventricles. It is numerator or upper number in the blood pressure fraction

Question 22

tachycardia

Answer 22

abnormally rapid heart rate, usually over 100 beats per minute