Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Angiography
Radiographic visualization of blood vessels following introduction of contrast material.
Anastomosis
Joining of two or more blood vessels
Angioplasty
Procedure to open narrow or blocked vessels
Annuloplasty
Surgical reconstruction of the ring (annulus) of a heart valve
Antegrade
Moving or extending anteriorly, moving with the usual direction of flow
Arrhythmia
Irregularity of heart rate or rhythm; loss of rhythm
Arteriosclerosis
Hardening of the arteries
Atherectomy
Procedure to remove plaque from arteries
Atherosclerosis
Build up of plaque on artery walls
Atria
Upper chambers of the heart; right atrium, left atrium
Atrioventricular
AV
Relating to both the atria and the ventricles of the heart
Bifurcation
Division into two branches
Bundle of his (AV bundle)
Muscle fibers in the heart’s conduction system branching off to the right and left sides of the heart
Capillaries
Smallest branches of arteries and veins
Cardioversion
Use of defibrillator paddles to restore normal rhythm of the heart by electrical shock
Cardioverter-defibrillator
Implantable device delivering an electrical shock to restore a normal heart rhythm
Chordae Tendinea
String-like tendons linking papillary muscles to the tricuspid valve in the right ventricle and the left mitral valve in the ventricle
Conduction System
Generates and distributes electrical impulses over the heart and along the septum to stimulate contraction, allowing blood to move throughout the body.
Contralateral
Situated on, pertaining to, or affecting the opposite side, as opposed to ipsilateral
Coronary Circulation
Movement of blood through coronary vessels supplying tissues of the heart
Endocarditis
Inflammation or infection of the inner lining of the heart (endocardium)
Epicardial
Relating to the outermost (on top) layer of the heart wall
Infarction
Death of tissue
Intracoronary
Within the heart
Ipsilateral
Situated on, pertaining to, or affecting the same side, as opposed to centralateral
Myocardial
Relating to the myocardium (second layer of the wall of the heart)
Nonselective catheterization
Catheter placed in the main trunk, contrast may be injected, images may be taken, the catheter is not moved into any other branches
Non-Tunneled Catheter
A catheter inserted through the skin directly into the great vessel
Occlusion
Closure; the act of closing
Papillary Muscles
Muscles attached to the lower portion of the interior wall of the ventricles and connected to the chordae tendineae
Prolapse
Sinking of an organ or other part
Pulmonary circulation
Movement of the blood from the heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart again
Purkinje Fibers
Conduction mayofibers branching off of the right and left bundle branches into cells of the myocardium
Regurgitation
Flowing backwards
Retrograde
Moving backward or against the usual direction of flow
Revascularization
Reestablishment of blood supply to a part
Selective catheterization
Catheter placed in branches further off the main trunk (first, second, third or higher order)
Sinoatrial
Refers to the sinus of the venae cavae of the mature heart, and the atrium
Stenosis
Narrowing, stricture
Subemdocardial
Under or below the endocardium
Syncope
Loss of consciousness and postural tone.
Systemic circulation
Supplies nourishment to tissue located throughout the body, with the exception of the heart and lungs
Thrombolysis
Destruction of a blood clot
Transluminal
Through or across the lumen (tube) of an artery or vein
Transvenous
Throughout or across a vein
Trifurcation
Division into three branches or parts
Tunneled Catheter
Catheter tunneled through the skin and subcutaneous tissue to a central vessel. The entrance to the vascular system
Valvular Prolapse
Valve leaflets fall backward into the heart chamber
Valvuloplasty
Surgical reconstruction of a valve
Ventricle
Lower chamber of the heart; right ventricle, left ventricle
