Cardiovascular system

Question 1

Systole

Answer 1

Contraction of ventricles

Question 2

Diastole

Answer 2

Relaxation of ventricles

Question 3

P of EKG

Answer 3

Atrial depolarization; first part of heart contraction

Question 4

QRS of EKG

Answer 4

Ventricular depolarization; ventricles contract

Question 5

T of EKG

Answer 5

Ventricular repolarization; ventricles relax

Question 6

Normal EKG Pattern

Answer 6

60-100 bpm

Question 7

Bradycardia

Answer 7

Slower than normal (<60 bpm, or slow relative to pt. condition)

Question 8

Tachycardia

Answer 8

Faster than normal (>100 bpm in resting adult)

Question 9

Ventricular Fibrillation

Answer 9

Lethal arrhythmia showing random irregular morphology due to disorganized pattern of contraction

Question 10

Asystole

Answer 10

Absence of muscle activity

Question 11

Autoregulation

Answer 11

The brain is designed to vasoconstrict or vasodilator to compensate for mean arterial BP changes in order to main cerebral blood flow (stable range is 50-150 mm Hg)

Question 12

Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP)

Answer 12

Net pressure gradient across the brain. The difference between arterial blood pressure (ABP) and intracranial pressure (ICP) … ABP - ICP

Question 13

Spinal Perfusion Pressure (SPP)

Answer 13

Net pressure gradient across the spinal cord. ABP - Spinal fluid pressure

Question 14

Hematocrit

Answer 14

Percentage of blood solids in the blood (consisting of primarily blood cells). Normal Hct = 40-45%