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BNN Week 1 > Anatomy of Nervous System > Flashcards

Anatomy of Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

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2
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

Cauda Equina and Peripheral Nerve

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3
Q

Meninges

A

Three layers of protection for the brain and spinal cord - Pia, Arachnoid, Dura (PAD)

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4
Q

Subarachnoid space

A

Where the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) resides

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5
Q

Choroid plexus

A

Forms the CSF

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6
Q

Sylvian fissure

A

Separates temoral lobe from frontal lobe

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7
Q

Sulcus

A

Groove in the cortex (deeper groove is called fissure)

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8
Q

Gyrus

A

Ridge on the cortex

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9
Q

Gray matter

A

Responsible for processing for cerebrum (synaptic processes) - nerve cell bodies, dense interneuronal networks, cortex and subcortical nuclei

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10
Q

White matter

A

Responsible for transmitting the information - myelinated nerve axons, “cabling” of the nervous system

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11
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Motor, Personality

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12
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Sensory

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13
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Language, hearing

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14
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Vision

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15
Q

Homunculus

A

Topographic organization of the sensory and motor cortex - large proportions of devoted to hand and face function

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16
Q

Primary motor cortex

A

Pre-central gyrus; Motor - has cell bodies traveling to spinal cord and muscles

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17
Q

Primary sensory cortex

A

Post-central gyrus; Sensory - Perceiving area for stimuli

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18
Q

Central sulcus

A

Separates the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe, and the primary motor cortex from the primary somatosensory cortex

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19
Q

Thalamus

A

Connected all parts of the cortex. Sometimes thought of as a “sensory relay” station, important for regulating states of arousal and made up of many nuclei

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20
Q

Hypothalamus

A

“Master Gland” - controls the pituitary gland; links nervous activity to the endocrine system; responsible for hunger, temperature, metabolism, sexual behavior

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21
Q

Cerebellum

A

Serves to coordinate motor activity; separated from cerebrum by the tetorial membrane

22
Q

Left Middle Cerebral Artery

A

Supplies lateral frontal, temporal and parietal lobes

23
Q

Anterior Cerebral Artery

A

Supplies medial frontal and parietal lobes

24
Q

Posterior Cerebral Artery

A

Supplies interior temporal and occipital lobes

25
Q

Watershed Areas

A

Where cortical perfusions meet, most sensitive to ischemia

26
Q

Conus medullaris

A

The tapered end of the spinal cord

27
Q

Cauda equina

A

The nerve roots exiting the lumbosacral segments of the conus

28
Q

Filum terminale

A

Strip of connective tissue that connects the tip of the spinal cord to the coccyx

29
Q

Dorsal Nerve Root

A

Incoming sensory fibers - dorsal root ganglion houses sensory cell bodies

30
Q

Ventral Nerve Root

A

Outgoing motor fibers

31
Q

Lateral Corticospinal (TCMEP)

A

Transcranial (voluntary) motor function

32
Q

Fasciculus Gracillis

A

Medial portion of dorsal column - Proprioception (position), vibration, discriminate touch; responsible for lower extremities

33
Q

Fasciculus Cuneatus

A

Lateral portion of dorsal column - Proprioception (position), vibration, discriminate touch; responsible for upper extremities, 1/2 of thoracic

34
Q

Anterior Spinal Artery

A

Supplies Anterior 2/3 of cord

35
Q

Posterior Spinal Arteries

A

2 arteries combined supplies posterior 1/3 of cord

36
Q

Artery of Adamkiewicz

A

Major supplier to the spinal cord, located variably at a lower thoracic level - T10 plus or minus a few levels

37
Q

Brachial plexus

A

Peripheral nerves that supply the upper extremity, division and rejoining of nerves

38
Q

Musculocutaneous

A

UE, C5-C6, Biceps

39
Q

Axillary

A

UE, C5-C6, Deltoid

40
Q

Radial

A

UE, C5-T1, Triceps, wrist extensors

41
Q

Median

A

UE, C5-T1, Many forearm, most thenar muscles (Abductor Pollicis Brevis)

42
Q

Ulnar

A

UE, C8-T1, Many forearm, some thenar, all hypothenar (Abductor Digiti Minimi)

43
Q

Median primary stimulus site at wrist

A

Anode at the midline of the crease. Cathode 2-3 cm proximal between the tendons of the flexor carpi radials and palmaris longus

44
Q

Median primary stimulus site at the elbow

A

Anode at the medial third of the crease (antecubital fossa), cathode 3 cm proximal just medial to the biceps tendon.

45
Q

Ulnar primary stimulus site at wrist

A

Anode at the medial aspect of the anterior wrist crease just proximal to the pisiform. Cathode 2-3 cm along the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris

46
Q

Ulnar primary stimulus site at the elbow

A

Anode just medial to the tip of the ulna at the distal end of the ulnar groove. Cathode 3 cm proximal, posterior to the medial epicondyle of the humerus

47
Q

Femoral nerve

A

L2-L4, Quadriceps, Vastus Lateralis

48
Q

Tibial nerve (Sciatic Nerve)

A

L4-S3, Gastrocnemius, Abductor Hallucis

49
Q

Tibial nerve primary stimulus site at the ankle

A

Cathode about halfway between the lateral tip of the medial malleolus and the Achille’s tendon, Anode about 3 cm distal, below the medial malleoulus. Stimulate behind head of fibula, travels from sciatic nerve, innervates all muscles of bottom of feet

50
Q

Peroneal nerve

A

L4-S2, Tibialis Anterior

BNN Week 1 (11 decks)

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