Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Does an artery move away or towards the heart
Away
Does a vein move towards or away from the heart
Towards
What is it called when blood is between the heart and the lungs
Pulmonary circulation
What is it called when blood is between the body and the heart
Systemic Circulation
What is a valves purpose
To allow blood to flow through/ exit but closes to stop it from re-entering
Which side of the heart has oxygenated blood
The Left
T/F
Blood never goes from veins to arteries
True
What do red blood cells do
Carry oxygen
What is Hemoglobin
Material that carries the oxygen in red blood cells
What happens to Red Blood Cells and Hemoglobin in the disease anemia
They go down
What do white blood cells do
Fight infection
What do platelets do
Clot blood
What is plasma
The liquid part of the blood that contain antibodies
What are antigens
Markers on red blood cells that characterize the cells type
How is blood typed
according to antigens
What are the two types of antigens and what blood types can they form
A and B; A, B, AB, O
Does O blood have antigens or not
O blood has NO ANTIGENS
What is Rhesus Factor
An inherited protein on the surface of red blood cells
When is a blood type going to be positive
If Rhesus is present
What is a blood type going to be negative
If Rhesus is absent
What blood type is the universal donor
O negative
T/F: People with AB positive blood can only accept AB blood
False: A person with this blood can accept ANY blood
What are symptoms of congestive heart failure
Cold, dizzy, swealing, Short of breath (SOB)
What would someone’s blood pressure be if they have Hypertension (HTN)
120/80 mm Hg
What is another name for Hypertension
High blood pressure
Why is Hypertension dangerous
High blood pressure can lead to permanent damage to the heart, blood vessels, and kidneys
What happens to cause a heart attack
Coronary arteries become clogged and no oxygen reaches the heart, therefore killing the heart muscle (the heart muscle dies)
What is Anemia
When the body lacks enough healthy RBC/ Hemoglobin in the blood cells to supply sufficient oxygen to the body tissues
What is Leukemia
A cancer that affects the blood producing tissues in the body- There is usually an increase in the number of WBC’s and reduced number of RBC’s carrying oxygen to the body
What is Sickle Cell Disease
When red blood cells are “cut in half” and therefore have sharp edges. They also don’t have oxygen
The cardiovascular system consists of….
- The heart
- Blood
- Blood Vessels
What are the five primary functions of the Cardiovascular system
- It removes waste products from the blood
- It carries oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells in the body
- Delivers deoxygenated blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen
- It protects the body the body against disease and infection
- It promotes clotting to prevent blood loss after injury
How many times does a healthy heart beat each day
100,000 times
How many miles of blood vessels are in the human body
60,000 miles
How many gallons of blood are pumped through the heart each day
2,000 gallons
What is the average weight of a heart in most adults
7-16 ounces
What do capillaries do
Surround tissues and cells and connect branches of arteries to branches of veins
What are the three functions of blood
- It transports oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells of the body
- It fights infection with specialized blood cells
- It regulates homeostasis by helping to form blood clots
What is cardiac arrest
When the heart loses electricity and stops pumping- this is what needs CPR
What is a heart attack
When oxygen does not reach the heart due to clogged coronary arteries and the heart muscle dies
What is the difference between Cardiac arrest and a heart attack
Cardiac arrest is when the heart stops pumping due to low or no electricity levels
Heart attacks are when there is no oxygen getting to the heart and the heart muscle dies
What is Atrial Fibrillation (A-fib)
When there is an irregular and rapid heart beat rhythm that can cause blood clots in the heart
