Cardiovascular SYSTEM Flashcards
What is stroke volume?
The amount of blood pumped by the heart with each beat.
What is a cardiac cycle? How long is a cardiac cycle?
1 heart beat, 0.8 seconds
What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?
To transport blood, nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and hormones throughout the body.
True or False: The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood through the circulatory system.
True
Fill in the blank: The two main circuits of the cardiovascular system are the _____ circuit and the _____ circuit.
pulmonary; systemic
What are the three main types of blood vessels?
Arteries, veins, and capillaries.
What is the largest artery in the human body?
The aorta.
Multiple choice: Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs? A) Right atrium B) Left atrium C) Right ventricle D) Left ventricle
B) Left atrium
What is the role of red blood cells?
To carry oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues and return carbon dioxide to the lungs.
True or False: Veins carry blood away from the heart.
False
What is the term for the contraction phase of the heart cycle?
Systole.
Fill in the blank: The _____ node is known as the heart’s natural pacemaker.
sinoatrial (SA)
What is hypertension?
A condition characterized by consistently high blood pressure.
Multiple choice: Which type of blood vessel is primarily responsible for nutrient and gas exchange? A) Arteries B) Veins C) Capillaries D) Arterioles
C) Capillaries
What is the function of the valves in the heart?
To prevent the backflow of blood and ensure unidirectional flow.
True or False: The left ventricle pumps blood to the lungs.
False
What is the average resting heart rate for adults?
60 to 100 beats per minute.
Fill in the blank: The _____ artery supplies blood to the brain.
carotid
What is atherosclerosis?
A condition in which fatty deposits build up on artery walls, leading to reduced blood flow.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease? A) Regular exercise B) Smoking C) Healthy diet D) Moderate alcohol consumption
B) Smoking
What is the primary component of blood responsible for clotting?
Platelets.
True or False: Plasma is the liquid component of blood.
True
What role do capillaries play in the cardiovascular system?
They connect arteries and veins and facilitate the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients.
Fill in the blank: The _____ system works closely with the cardiovascular system to transport hormones.
endocrine
What is coronary artery disease?
A condition caused by the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, leading to reduced blood flow to the heart.
Multiple choice: Which of the following best describes stroke volume? A) The amount of blood pumped by the heart in one beat B) The total volume of blood in the body C) The amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute D) The pressure of blood in the arteries
A) The amount of blood pumped by the heart in one beat
What is the primary purpose of the pulmonary circuit?
To carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.
True or False: The cardiovascular system is responsible for thermoregulation.
True
What is angioplasty?
A medical procedure used to open blocked or narrowed blood vessels.
What is the primary purpose of angioplasty?
To restore blood flow to the heart or other parts of the body.
True or False: Angioplasty can only be performed on coronary arteries.
False
Angioplasty can be performed on various blood vessels, not just coronary arteries.
Fill in the blank: Angioplasty often involves the use of a _______ to widen the artery.
[balloon]
What is a stent?
A small mesh tube placed in the artery to keep it open after angioplasty.
List the main types of angioplasty.
- Balloon angioplasty
- Drug-eluting stent angioplasty
- Bare-metal stent angioplasty
What is the role of a drug-eluting stent?
To release medication that helps prevent the artery from narrowing again.
What are common indications for angioplasty?
- Chest pain (angina)
- Heart attack
- Peripheral artery disease
True or False: Angioplasty is a surgical procedure.
False
Angioplasty is a minimally invasive procedure.
What are potential risks associated with angioplasty?
- Bleeding
- Infection
- Blood clots
- Re-narrowing of the artery
Fill in the blank: The recovery time after angioplasty is generally _______.
[short]
What imaging technique is commonly used during angioplasty?
Fluoroscopy.
What is the significance of pre-procedure angiography?
To visualize the blockage and plan the angioplasty procedure.
What lifestyle changes may be recommended after angioplasty?
- Quitting smoking
- Eating a heart-healthy diet
- Regular exercise
