Cardiovascular system

Question 1

Red blood cells (erythrocytes):

Answer 1

These cells contain the protein hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen and gives blood its red color.

Red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues and carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs.

Question 2

White blood cells (leukocytes):

Answer 2

play a role in the body’s immune system and help to defend against infections and other foreign invaders.

Question 3

Platelets (thrombocytes):

Answer 3

These small, colorless cells play a role in blood clotting, helping to stop bleeding when a blood vessel is injured.

Question 4

Plasma:

Answer 4

This is the liquid component of blood, which makes up about 55% of total blood volume. Plasma is a yellowish fluid that contains dissolved molecules, such as electrolytes, hormones, and waste products.

Question 5

Fibrinogen and other clotting factors: These proteins are involved in the process of blood clotting.

Question 6

Hemoglobin:

Answer 6

a protein present in red blood cells and responsible for oxygen transport

Question 7

Proteins:

Answer 7

such as albumin and globulin, which help to maintain the proper balance of fluids in the body, transport hormones and other molecules, and help to defend against infections.

Question 8

Electrolytes:

Answer 8

such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, which help to regulate various bodily functions, including muscle contractions and nerve impulses.

Question 9

Nutrients:

Answer 9

such as glucose and amino acids, which are transported to the body’s cells and tissues to provide energy and support growth and repair.

Question 10

Hormones:

Answer 10

such as insulin and thyroid hormones, which regulate various body functions, including metabolism and growth and development.

Question 11

Waste products:

Answer 11

such as urea and lactic acid, which are removed from the body by the kidneys and lungs.