Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GCSE PE Paper 1 > Cardiovascular system > Flashcards

Cardiovascular system Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards GCSE Geography - AQA flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards
1
Q

What are the 3 functions of the cardiovascular system?

A

Transportation, temperature regulation, clotting.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Right side of the heart

A

When the muscles have used the oxygen in the blood it becomes deoxygenated.
It then enters the right atrium through the vena cava vein.
The right atrium contracts, pushing the blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle.
The right ventricle contracts, pushing the blood through the right semi-lunar valve into the pulmonary artery, which carries the blood to the lungs to be oxygenated again.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Left side of the heart

A

Oxygenated blood from the lungs enters the left atrium through pulmonary veins.
The left atrium contracts pushing the blood through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle.
The left ventricle contracts, pushing the blood through the left semi lunar valve into the aorta, which carries the oxygenated blood to the rest of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Temperature regulation

A

In hot weather blood vessels close to the skins surface are widened to allow heat to be lost through radiation. (Vasodilation)
In cold weather blood vessels close to the skins surface narrow to retain body heat. (Vasoconstriction)

This benefits sports performance as it prevents the body from overheating.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Transportation

A

Oxygen and nutrients such as water and amino acids are carried in the blood and transported around the body giving the muscles what they need to release energy and move during exercise. It also gets rid of any waste products like carbon dioxide.

If the muscles need to work harder (100m sprint) or longer (marathon runner) the heart works harder to increase oxygen levels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Clotting

A

Platelets in our blood are responsible for clotting. When the skin is cut or grazed the platelets are activated and mesh together to form a scab. This stops the bleeding and forms a protective barrier on the skin surface to protect us from infection.

In some sports, such as rugby, cuts are common so this function of the cardiovascular system is very important.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of the right atrium?

A

An upper chamber receiving de-oxygenated blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of the left atrium?

A

An upper chamber receiving oxygenated blood from the lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of the right ventricle?

A

A lower chamber containing de-oxygenated blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of the left ventricle?

A

A lower chamber containing oxygenated blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of the pulmonary vein?

A

Returns oxygenated blood to the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of the aorta?

A

Oxygenated blood is pumped at high pressure from the heart to the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of the superior vena cava?

A

Returns deoxygenated blood to the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of the pulmonary artery?

A

Carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of the bicuspid valve?

A

Prevents blood flowing back into the left atrium.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of the septum?

A

The wall dividing the left and right sides of the heart.

16
Q

What is the function of the tricuspid valve?

A

Prevents blood flowing back into the right atrium from the ventricle.

17
Q

What is the function of the semi lunar valve?

A

Prevent expelled blood flowing back into the heart.

18
Q

What is the function of arteries?

A

Arteries carry blood away from the heart. All arteries carry oxygenated blood except for the pulmonary artery.
Thick and elastic walls.
Small lumen
Blood travels at high pressure.
No valves

19
Q

What is the function of veins?

A

Carry blood towards the heart. All veins carry deoxygenated blood, except for the pulmonary veins.
Thin walls.
Large lumen.
Blood travels at low pressure.
Has valves

20
Q

What is the function of capillaries?

A

Carry blood through the body to exchange oxygen, carbon dioxide and nutrients within the body’s tissues.
One cell thick.

21
Q

What is vascular shunting?

A

When you exercise blood is redistributed around the body to increase the supply of oxygen to the muscles.

22
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

When you exercise the lumen becomes narrow when blood is not needed in areas of the body that are deemed non essential during exercise. For example, the digestive system. This allows increased blood flow to areas where it is needed most.

23
Q

Vasodilation

A

As your muscles work harder oxygen levels drop causing a build up of lactic acid and carbon dioxide. The lumen expand to allow increased blood flow and therefore oxygen to the working muscles.

24
Q

What is plasma?

A

The liquid part of blood, carries nutrients, hormones, blood cells and waste (carbon dioxide) around the body.

25
Q

What are white blood cells?

A

Fight against disease so you stay healthy and perform well.

26
Q

What are red blood cells?

A

Carry oxygen around the body so it can be used to release energy needed by muscles during physical activity.

27
Q

What are platelets?

A

Help to clot the blood at wounds so they don’t become infected.

GCSE PE Paper 1 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions