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CPA > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Radial artery location?

A

Between tendon of flexor carpi radialis and tendon of brachioradialis

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2
Q

Ulnar artery location?

A

Between flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor carpi ulnaris

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3
Q

Brachial artery location?

A

Medial to biceps tendon
Middle third of humerus into the medial bicipital groove

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4
Q

Common carotid artery location?

A

Medial border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
Lateral border of the thyroid cartilage

detect CHARACTER and VOLUME

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5
Q

Apex beat location?

A

5th intercostal space at the mid-clavicular line

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6
Q

Displaced apex beat?

A

Cardiomegaly

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7
Q

Absent apex beat in 5th ICS MCL?

A

Pericardial effusion
Obesity
Pleural effusion
Emphysema

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8
Q

Parasternal heave?

A

Precordial impulse that can be palpated
Place heal of hand parallel to left sternal edge

If present (with each systole), associated with right ventricular hypertrophy

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9
Q

Thrill?

A

Palpable vibration caused by turbulent blood flow through a heart valve (palpable murmur)
Assess across each heart valve

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10
Q

Aortic valve location?

A

Right sternalborder, 2nd ICS

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11
Q

Pulmonary valve location?

A

Left sternal border, 2nd ICS

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12
Q

Tricuspid valve location?

A

Left 5th costo-sternal border

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13
Q

Mitral valve location?

A

Left 5th ICS at apex beat

USE BELL OF STETHESCOPE

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14
Q

Causes of ejection systolic murmur?

A

Aortic stenosis
Pulmonary stenosis
Aortic sclerosis
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
Atrial septal defect

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15
Q

Aortic stenosis accentuation manoeuvres?

A

Auscultate carotid arteries using diaphragm whilst patient HOLDS BREATH
Radiation of an ejection systolic murmur

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16
Q

Aortic regurgitation accentuation manoeuvres?

A

Sit patient forwards and auscultation over aortic area with diaphragm during EXPIRATION
Early diastolic murmur

17
Q

Left lateral decubitus position (LLDP)

A

To accentuate mitral valve regurgitation and mitral stenosis

18
Q

Mitral regurgitation accentuation manoeuvres?

A

LLDP
Mitral area
Pansystolic murmur during EXPIRATION
Auscultate into axilla to identify radiation of murmur
Use diaphragm of stethoscope

19
Q

Mitral stenosis accentuation manoeuvres?

A

Use BELL, auscultate mitral area
During EXPIRATION
Mid-diastolic murmur
LLDP

20
Q

Palpation of lower limb arteries?

A

Femoral artery
Dorsalis pedis
Posterior tibial artery
Popliteal artery

21
Q

Femoral pulse location?

A

Mid-inguinal point
Between anterior superior iliac spine and pubic symphysis

22
Q

Popliteal pulse?

A

Inferior region of popliteal fossa
Thumb on tibial tuberosity
Passively flex knee to 30 degrees, curl fingers into popliteal fossa
Compress popliteal artery against the tibia

23
Q

Posterior tibial pulse?

A

Posterior to medial malleolus of tibia

24
Q

Dorsal Pedis pulse?

A

On dorsum of foot, lateral extensor hallucis longus tendon, over the second, and third cuneiform bones

25
Q

Right upper border of heart?

A

3rd costal cartilage, 1cm from sternal edge

26
Q

Right lower border

A

6th costal cartilage, 1cm from sternal edge

27
Q

Left upper border

A

2nd intercostal space, 2.5cm from sternal edge

28
Q

Left lower border?

A

5th ICS, mid-clavicular line

29
Q

Superficial temporal artery

A

In front of tragus of ear - vessel is terminal branch of external carotid artery

30
Q

Subclavian artery?

A

In supraclavicular fossa region, at angle between clavicle and sternocleidomastoid

31
Q

Aortic dissection type A and B?

A

Type A - severe chest pain, anterior and posterior
Type B - present with back pain, followed by chest and abdo pain

32
Q

Which view of the heart do electrodes V1 and V2 correspond to?

A

Septal view of the heart

33
Q

Which view of the heart do electrodes V3 and V4 correspond to?

A

Anterior view of the heart

34
Q

Which view of the heart do electrodes V5 and V6 correspond to?

A

Lateral view of the heart

35
Q

Which view of the heart do leads I, aVR and AVL correspond to?

A

Lateral view

36
Q

Which view of the heart do leads II, III and aVF correspond to?

A

Inferior view

CPA (9 decks)

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