cardiovascular system Flashcards
which part of cardiovascular system keeps blood in motion
heart
which vessels carry low quantity of blood at high pressure and velocities
arteries
which vessels carry large amounts of blood at low pressure and velocities
capillaries and venous system
which are the distributing vessels
muscular arteries
which are resistance vessels
arterioles
which are capacitance vessels
veins
why are vessels lined by endothelial cells
to reduce the resistance
what happens to the blood speed upon moving from the aorta to the periphery
it decreases as the cross sectional area increases this results in effective exchange of substances
how much is the total area of capillaries as compared to aorta
800 times
4 components of tunica intima
1.endothelial lining
2.lamina propria
3. subendothelial layer of CT
4. internal elastic membrane
important characteristic of internal elastic membrane
it is perforated to allow passage of nutrients
endothelial cells are joined by which type of junction
tight junction and gap junction
what is glycocalyx
it is a thin slime layer which covers the luminal surface of endothelial cells
purpose of endothelium and basal lamina
serves as a barrier to substances
thickest layer of arterial lining
tunica media
how are smooth muscles arranged in tunica media
helically arrranged in alow pitched spiral
purpose of smooth muscles in tunica media
change the diameter of vessels
main component of tunica adventitia and its significance
collaged fibres and they help to prevent the expansion of arteries beyond their physiological limits other than that they also have
1. fibroblasts
2. elastic fibres
3. macrophages
which membrane separates tunica from adventitia
outer elastic membrane
what are vasa vasorum
blood vessels supplying to other blood vessels
what are nervi vascularus
nerves supplying to blood vessels
to which layer do vasa vasorum and nervi vascularus suppy
to tunica adventitia
WHAT ARE CONDUCTION VESSELS
they quickly convey the blood from heart to capillaries
