Cardiovascular System Flashcards
angioplasty
procedure that opens a blocked artery by inflating a small balloon within a catheter
arteries
Large blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
capillaries
Microscopic blood vessels joining arterioles and venules
metabolism
Sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place within an organism
veins
vessels that return deoxygenated blood to the heart
cardiovascular system (CV)
composed of the heart, which is essentially a muscular pump, and an extensive network of blood vessels
systole
contraction
diastole
Resting period between contractions when the heart fills with blood
aneurysm
Abnormal widening (ballooning) of a portion of an artery as a result of weakness
angina pectoris
Mild to severe pain or pressure in the chest caused by ischemia
arrhythmia
Irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat
fibrillation
Arrhythmia in which there is rapid, uncoordinated
arteriosclerosis
Thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of arterial walls
atherosclerosis
accumulation of fatty substances within the arterial walls
bruit
Soft blowing sound heard
embolus
Mass of undissolved matter (blood clot) that travels through bloodstream
heart block
A disease of the electrical system of the heart
1st Degree AV
electrical impulses are delayed
2nd degree AV
only some atrial electrical impulses are conducted
3rd degree AV
no electrical impulses
heart failure
Occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood flow
hypertension
Consistently elevated blood pressure
ischemia
Inadequate supply of oxygenated blood
mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
Structural abnormality in which the mitral (bicuspid) valve does not close completely
murmur
abnormal heart rhythm and sounds
myocardial infarction (MI)
partial or complete occlusion of one or more coronary arteries (aka heart attack)
patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Failure of the ductus arteriosus
