Cardiovascular & Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

a condition in which “plaque” builds up on the walls of the blood
vessels; worsened by a diet high in cholesterol

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2
Q

Coronary Artery

Disease (CAD)

A

a condition caused by atherosclerosis that reduces blood flow through
the coronary arteries (and thus oxygen delivery) to the heart muscle

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3
Q

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)

A

a term used to describe sudden reduced blood flow to one or more
coronary arteries that can result in cardiac muscle death if left untreated.

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4
Q

Angina

A

chest pain caused by an inadequate blood supply to the heart muscle.

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5
Q

Unstable Angina

A

a condition in which blood flow and oxygen in one or more of the coronary arteries is partially blocked causing chest pain.

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6
Q

Myocardial Infarction (MI)

A

a condition in which blood flow and oxygen in one or more of the
coronary arteries is suddenly completely blocked. This results in heart
muscle death. (AKA – “heart attack”)

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7
Q
ST Elevation
Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)
A

a sudden blockage of a coronary artery with EKG findings significant for ST segment elevation

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8
Q
Non-ST Elevation
Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)
A

a sudden blockage of a coronary artery without EKG findings significant for ST segment elevation

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9
Q

Cardiac Dysrhythmia

A

an abnormality in the physiological rate or rhythm of the heart

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10
Q

Supraventricular

Tachycardia (SVT)

A

an abnormal heart rhythm arising from aberrant electrical activity in the
heart; originates at or above the AV node.

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11
Q

Atrial Fibrillation (A Fib)

A

an irregular and often very fast heart rate originating from abnormal
conduction in the atria.

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12
Q

Ventricular Tachycardia

A

an abnormal heart rhythm that arises from improper electrical
conduction in the ventricles.

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13
Q

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

A

a condition in which the heart cannot pump blood well enough to meet
the body’s needs resulting in build-up of fluid in the extremities and/or lungs

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14
Q

Hypertension (HTN)

A

high blood pressure

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15
Q

Hyperlipidemia

A

high lipid levels

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16
Q

Hypercholesterolemia

A

high cholesterol levels