Cardiovascular Introduction Flashcards
Heart Rate (HR)
How often the heart contracts each minute (beats per minute, bpm)
Strove Volume (SV)
How often the heart contracts each minute (beats per minute, bpm)
Cardiac Output (CO)
The volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle each minute (mL/min or L/min)
Preload
The pressure in the left ventricle prior to contraction. It is closely related to the volume of blood in the left ventricle prior to contraction.
Afterload
The pressure that the ventricle has to overcome for blood to be able to be ejected
Contractility
The ability of the heart to contract (generate force)
Intoropy
Force of contraction
Lusitropy
Force of relaxation
Ejection Fraction
The percentage of blood that leaves the left ventricle with each beat
Vasodilation
Increasing of vascular radius (which decreases resistance and increases flow)
Vasoconstriction
Decreasing of vascular radius (which increases resistance and decreases
flow)
Systole
Contraction of a chamber in the heart (atrial or ventricular)
Diastole
Relaxation of a chamber in the heart (atrial or ventricular)
Compliance
Ability of a chamber (or vessel) to stretch
Elasticity
Ability of a chamber (or vessel) to return to its original shape
Perfusion
Movement of blood into and out of a vessel
Filtration
Movement of fluid out of a capillary based on pressures
Reabsorption
Movement of fluid into a capillary based on pressures
Edema
Swelling. Increased fluid within the tissues
Vascular Tone
The amount of vasoconstriction of a vessel under basal conditions
Extrinsic
From outside
Intrinsic
From inside
Viscosity
The “thickness” of a fluid
End Systolic Volume
The amount of blood left in a chamber (usually the left ventricle) after contraction
End Diastolic Volume
The amount of blood left in a chamber (usually the left ventricle) at the end of relaxation (prior to contraction)
Segments
sections on an ECG that are isoelectric (structures are either completely depolarized or repolarized)
Intervals
sections on an ECG that include either the atria or the ventricles (and include both
depolarization and repolarization)
Intervals
sections on an ECG that include either the atria or the ventricles (and include both depolarization and repolarization)
