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fall '24 exams > cardiovascular exam #1 > Flashcards

cardiovascular exam #1 Flashcards

1
Q

the left anterior descending coronary artery provides oxygenated blood to all of the following except the:

anterior interventricular septum
inferior interventricular septum
anterior descending, circumflex
cardiac apex

A

inferior interventricular septum

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2
Q

the circumflex artery provides oxygenated blood to all of the following except the:
anterior wall of LV
anterolateral wall of LV
LA
lateral wall of LV

A

anterior wall of LV

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3
Q

the coronary sinus receives deoxygenated blood from all of the following veins except the:
great cardiac
middle cardiac
small cardiac
posterior cardiac

A

posterior cardiac

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4
Q

pulmonary venous flow normal occurs predominantly during

A

ventricular systole

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5
Q

true or false the left ventricle depolarizes slightly before the right ventricle

A

true

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6
Q

The SA node and AV node receive oxygenated blood from which coronary artery

A

right

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7
Q

adipose tissue around the heart is located between the

A

epicardium and myocardium

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8
Q

the sac that surrounds the heart is the

A

parietal pericardium

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9
Q

the thin membrane that lines the fibrous pericardium is called the.

A

parietal serous

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10
Q

the pericardial space is located between the

A

parietal serous pericardium and epicardium

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11
Q

the posterior free space created by the pericardial-pulmonary vein interface is the

A

oblique sinus

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12
Q

the free space created at the base of the heart by the pericardial-great vessel interface is the

A

transverse sinus

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13
Q

during ventricular systole, the heart moves how

A

moves downward, twists counterclockwise, and moves anteriorly

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14
Q

mens hearts on average weigh more than women’s hearts

A

true

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15
Q

the widest part of the heart is the

A

base

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16
Q

the left margin of the heart is called the ______ margin

A

oblique

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17
Q

where the diaphragm meets the right ventricle is. called the _________ margin

A

acute margin

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18
Q

externally where all four cardiac chambers meet posteriorly. is called the cardiac

A

crux

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19
Q

internally where. the interatrial septum meets the interventricular septum is called the cardiac

A

crux

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20
Q

the heart lies beneath the.

A

sternum

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21
Q

true or false a persistent superior vena cava is a result of the left horn of the sinus venous. remaining

A

true

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22
Q

which coronary artery supplies oxygenated blood to the sinoatrial node and the av node?

A

right coronary artery

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23
Q

delivers the electrical impulse from the bundle branches to the ventricular walls

A

purkinje fibers

24
Q

according to the electrocardiogram, actual ventricular contraction coincides with the

A

ST segment

25
Q

The Frank Starling law may also be. referred to as the

A

length-tension relationship

26
Q

The word length in length-tension refers to cardiac

A

cell stretch

27
Q

the word tension in length-tension relationship refers to cardiac

A

contraction

28
Q

the pulmonary artery wedge pressure reflects

A

left atrial pressure

29
Q

the central venous. pressure reflects the pressure in the

A

right atrium

30
Q

what effect will an increase in preload have on the force of ventricular contraction

A

increase

31
Q

aortic regurgitation, mitral regurgitation, and patent ductus arteriosus will all increase preload of the left heart… this will not

A

aortic stenosis

32
Q

significant mitral regurg initially will have which effect on the left ventricular performance?

A

enhance

33
Q

refers to the load production that the myocardial fibers must produce during ventricular systole

A

force

34
Q

refers to the rate of myocardial fiber shortening during ventricular systole

A

velocity

35
Q

the force the myocardial fibers must produce is inversely related to the rate of fiber shortening, true or false

A

true

36
Q

the greater the force the myocardial fiber must produce, the slower the rate of fiber shortening

A

true

37
Q

means the resistance or impedance the ventricle faces as it contracts

A

afterload

38
Q

an increase in after load will mean an increase in myocardial load production and a decrease in the rate of fiber shortening and cardiac performance true or false

A

true

39
Q

a reduction in after load mend a reduction in force and an increase in the rate of fiber shortening and cardiac performance

A

true

40
Q

an increase in afterload is associated with a decrease in cardiac performance

A

true

41
Q

a reduction in after load generally will improve cardiac performance

A

true

42
Q

the pulmonary artery and aorta are considered after load vessels

A

true

43
Q

with an increase in force, the velocity of fiber shortening will

A

decrease

44
Q

with a decrease in force, the velocity of fiber shortening will

A

increase

45
Q

what effect will an increase in after load have on myocardial force?

A

increase

46
Q

what effect will an increase in after load have on myocardial fiber shortening velocity?

A

decrease

47
Q

what effect will an increase of after load have on cardiac. performance?

A

decrease

48
Q

converning valvular aortic stenosis, is this true or false: increase in ventricular force, decrease in velocity and an increase in afterload

A

true

49
Q

the systolic contraction following a premature ventricular contraction with a compensatory pause will be

A

increased

50
Q

the phenomenon where there is an increase in systolic contraction following a premature ventricular contraction with a compensatory pause is called

A

interval-strength

51
Q

according to the interval strength relationship, the peak velocity and peak pressure gradient post premature ventricular contraction with a compensatory pause will be

A

increased

52
Q

according to the interval strength relationship, the strength of ventricular contraction in a patient with sinus bradycardia will be

A

increased

53
Q

as compared to the mitral valve, the tricuspid valve normally opens

A

before

54
Q

as compared to the mitral valve, the tricuspid valve normally closes

A

after

55
Q

standing to supine will reduce

A

venous return

56
Q

squatting _________ the amount of blood in the heart

A

increases

57
Q
A

fall '24 exams (7 decks)

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