cardiovascular exam #1 Flashcards
the left anterior descending coronary artery provides oxygenated blood to all of the following except the:
anterior interventricular septum
inferior interventricular septum
anterior descending, circumflex
cardiac apex
inferior interventricular septum
the circumflex artery provides oxygenated blood to all of the following except the:
anterior wall of LV
anterolateral wall of LV
LA
lateral wall of LV
anterior wall of LV
the coronary sinus receives deoxygenated blood from all of the following veins except the:
great cardiac
middle cardiac
small cardiac
posterior cardiac
posterior cardiac
pulmonary venous flow normal occurs predominantly during
ventricular systole
true or false the left ventricle depolarizes slightly before the right ventricle
true
The SA node and AV node receive oxygenated blood from which coronary artery
right
adipose tissue around the heart is located between the
epicardium and myocardium
the sac that surrounds the heart is the
parietal pericardium
the thin membrane that lines the fibrous pericardium is called the.
parietal serous
the pericardial space is located between the
parietal serous pericardium and epicardium
the posterior free space created by the pericardial-pulmonary vein interface is the
oblique sinus
the free space created at the base of the heart by the pericardial-great vessel interface is the
transverse sinus
during ventricular systole, the heart moves how
moves downward, twists counterclockwise, and moves anteriorly
mens hearts on average weigh more than women’s hearts
true
the widest part of the heart is the
base
the left margin of the heart is called the ______ margin
oblique
where the diaphragm meets the right ventricle is. called the _________ margin
acute margin
externally where all four cardiac chambers meet posteriorly. is called the cardiac
crux
internally where. the interatrial septum meets the interventricular septum is called the cardiac
crux
the heart lies beneath the.
sternum
true or false a persistent superior vena cava is a result of the left horn of the sinus venous. remaining
true
which coronary artery supplies oxygenated blood to the sinoatrial node and the av node?
right coronary artery
delivers the electrical impulse from the bundle branches to the ventricular walls
purkinje fibers
according to the electrocardiogram, actual ventricular contraction coincides with the
ST segment
The Frank Starling law may also be. referred to as the
length-tension relationship
The word length in length-tension refers to cardiac
cell stretch
the word tension in length-tension relationship refers to cardiac
contraction
the pulmonary artery wedge pressure reflects
left atrial pressure
the central venous. pressure reflects the pressure in the
right atrium
what effect will an increase in preload have on the force of ventricular contraction
increase
aortic regurgitation, mitral regurgitation, and patent ductus arteriosus will all increase preload of the left heart… this will not
aortic stenosis
significant mitral regurg initially will have which effect on the left ventricular performance?
enhance
refers to the load production that the myocardial fibers must produce during ventricular systole
force
refers to the rate of myocardial fiber shortening during ventricular systole
velocity
the force the myocardial fibers must produce is inversely related to the rate of fiber shortening, true or false
true
the greater the force the myocardial fiber must produce, the slower the rate of fiber shortening
true
means the resistance or impedance the ventricle faces as it contracts
afterload
an increase in after load will mean an increase in myocardial load production and a decrease in the rate of fiber shortening and cardiac performance true or false
true
a reduction in after load mend a reduction in force and an increase in the rate of fiber shortening and cardiac performance
true
an increase in afterload is associated with a decrease in cardiac performance
true
a reduction in after load generally will improve cardiac performance
true
the pulmonary artery and aorta are considered after load vessels
true
with an increase in force, the velocity of fiber shortening will
decrease
with a decrease in force, the velocity of fiber shortening will
increase
what effect will an increase in after load have on myocardial force?
increase
what effect will an increase in after load have on myocardial fiber shortening velocity?
decrease
what effect will an increase of after load have on cardiac. performance?
decrease
converning valvular aortic stenosis, is this true or false: increase in ventricular force, decrease in velocity and an increase in afterload
true
the systolic contraction following a premature ventricular contraction with a compensatory pause will be
increased
the phenomenon where there is an increase in systolic contraction following a premature ventricular contraction with a compensatory pause is called
interval-strength
according to the interval strength relationship, the peak velocity and peak pressure gradient post premature ventricular contraction with a compensatory pause will be
increased
according to the interval strength relationship, the strength of ventricular contraction in a patient with sinus bradycardia will be
increased
as compared to the mitral valve, the tricuspid valve normally opens
before
as compared to the mitral valve, the tricuspid valve normally closes
after
standing to supine will reduce
venous return
squatting _________ the amount of blood in the heart
increases
