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Cardiovascular > Cardiovascular Drugs matched to conditions > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Drugs matched to conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Hypertension

A 
Calcium Antagonists
Beta Blockers
ACE Inhibitors
ARBs
Diuretics
Nitrates
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2
Q

Dihydropidines + rate limiting calcium antagonists mechanism (HYPERTENSION)

A

Act on systemic smooth muscle

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3
Q

Dihydropidines + rate limiting calcium antagonists example (HYPERTENSION)

A

AMLODIPINE

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4
Q

Amlodipine

A

Calcium Antagonist
Side effect - peripheral oedema
Never give with propranolol –> induces bradycardia

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5
Q

Rate limiting calcium antagonist (HYPERTENSION)

A

acts only on cardiac smooth muscle

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6
Q

Rate limiting calcium antagonist example (HYPERTENSION)

A

DILATEZIN

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7
Q

B1 B-blocker (HYPERTENSION)

A

acts on kidneys and heart

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8
Q

B1 B-blocker (HYPERTENSION) example

A

ATENOLOL + BISOPROLOL

Side effects - erectile dysfunction

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9
Q

B2 B-blcoker non selective (HYPERTENSION) example

A

PROPANOLOL
used almost ONLY to treat Thyrotoxicosis
Side effect - respiratory depression - never to asthmatic/COPD/reynodes

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10
Q

ACEI (HYPERTENSION)

A

LISINOPRIL / ROMIPRIL
Side effects - DRY COUGH / renal dysfunction
Do not give to pregnant women - foetal abnormality

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11
Q

ARB (HYPERTENSION)

A

Angiotensin Receptor Blocker
NO dry cough
Second line treatment (expensive) for patient who develop an ACE cough
LOSARTAN POTASSIUM
Side effects - renal dysfunction / not to pregnant women
Diabetic Neuropathy

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12
Q

Diabetic Neuropathy

A

Peripheral neuropathy due to diabetes –> damage to n-neurones of the autonomic sympathetic nervous system

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13
Q

Diuretics (HYPERTENSION) - 3 types

A

Thiazide - Loop - Potassium Sparing

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14
Q

Thiazide Diuretics (HYPERTENSION)

A

BENDROFLUMOTHIAZIDE
Mild cases of hypertension
90% used prophylactically

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15
Q

Loop Diuretics (HYPERTENSION)

A

FUROSEMIDE

Severe hypertension + heart failure

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16
Q

Thiazide and Lopp Diuretic side effects

A

Hypokalaemia + Impetence + increased uric acid in body (GOUT) + Hyperglycemia (never give to diabetic)

17
Q

Potassium Sparing Diuretics (HYPERTENSION)

A

SPIROLACTONE (expensive)
In cases of heart failure potassium has to be reserved
Side effects: gynoclamastia / represses aldosterone (male sex hormone) / renal dysfunction

18
Q

Nitrates (HYPERTENSION)

A

Chronic - ISBM
Metabolise to nitric acid, activate cyclic guanine = vasodilation
Side effects - postural hypotension, headaches, can become resistance to it (metabolite) - 8 hr dry period in a day (not given at night)

19
Q

Hypotension

A

B-blockers
ATENOLOL + BISOPROLOL
PROPANOLOL

20
Q

Bradycardia

A

ATROPINE

21
Q

Tachycardia

A

ADENOSINE

Alters the potassium flux of the SA node

22
Q

Venous Thrombus/DVT

A

(low platelet/high RBC)
ONLY anti-coagulants
Warfarin / Heparin (LMW)
Side effects - spontaneous haemorrhage / peptic ulcer aggravation
Don’t give if they have a haemorrhage stroke history

23
Q

Heparin

A

Riuaroxaban / Apixiban / Enoxaparin

24
Q

Warfarin

A

Prophylactically
Narrow therapeutic window
Reversible with vitamin K

25
Q

Arterial Thrombus

A 
(high platelet/low RBC) 
ANTIPLATELET
ASPIRIN (cheap)
CLOPIDOGREL (expensive/effective)
PRASUGREL
TICAGRELOR
side effects - sponaneous haemorrhage / peptic ulcers
26
Q

Mural Thrombus

A

Thrombus formed in heart after MI

27
Q

Mural Thrombus treatment

A 
Fibrinolytic Drugs
STREPTOKINASE 
Used in an acute situation after an MI to reduce changes of mural thrombus
Haemorrhage risk
Bad in retinopathy
28
Q

Atrial Fibrillation ACUTE

A

AMIODARONE

phytotoxicity / pulmonary fibrosis / thyroid instability

29
Q

Atrial Fibrillation CHRONIC

A

DLECINIDE

phytotoxicity / pulmonary fibrosis / thyroid instability

30
Q

Peripheral Vascular Disease

A

CILASTAZOL
Increases blood flow to peripheral capillaries - vasodilation
DON’T GIVE PROPANALOL

Cardiovascular (7 decks)

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