Anatomy From Principles Flashcards
Great Vessels
Vessels directly connected to the heart chambers
Neuromuscular Bundle
Artery + Vein + Nerve
Bifurcation
Artery terminates by dividing into 2 terminal branches
4 parts of the aorta
- ascending aorta
- arch of the aorta
- thoracic aorta
- descending aorta
Branches of the ascending aorta
R + L Coronary Arteries
Branches of the arch of the aorta
- brachiocephalic trunk
- common carotid artery
- subclavian artery
Brachiocephalic trunk bifurcates into
- right common carotid artery
2. right subclavian artery
Right common carotid artery bifurcates into
- right internal carotid artery
2. right external carotid artery
Right internal carotid artery
Supplies the brain
Right external carotid artery
Supplies the face and scalp
Basilar Artery
Formed from the two vertebral arteries joining together
Circle of Wills
Basilar Artery + Left internal carotid artery + Right internal carotid artery
Carotid Sinus location
Most proximal part of the internal carotid artery.
Innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) function
to detect stretching of the walls of the carotid sinus - beat to beat changes in arterial blood pressure
Astrocyte
Support cells that surround the carotid arteries
What happens in Anastomosis
arteries connect with each other without an intervening capillary wall
eg circle of wills
Anastomosis purpose
provides alternative routes for blood to flow to cells distal to an occlusion in brain (circle of wills) helps to prevent a stroke
End artery
the only blood supply to a given area
Aortic Hiatus
Opening in the diaphragm
Arteries can change their names … left subclavian
left subclavian artery –>
left axillary artery –>
left brachial artery –>
bifurcates into the left radial artery and the left ulnar artery
Veins are the capacitance vessels
60% of the circulating blood volume
Skeletal Muscle Pump
contraction of the skeletal muscles in the lower limb pumps venous blood back to the heart
Venous valves
Ensure unidirectional flow back to the heart against gravity
Body has two main venous systems
- Hepatic Portal venous system
2. Systemic venous system
Hepatic Portal venous system
drain the venous blood from the absorptive parts of the GI tract to the liver for cleaning
Systemic venous system
drains the venous blood from all other organs and tissues into the superior or inferior vena cava
Circulatory System
circulatory system + lymphatic system
Right lymphatic duct
Drains lymph into the right venous angle
Thoracic duct
Drains lymph into the left venous angle
