CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS

Question 1

What diuretics drugs: carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are used to treat Glaucoma, Edema, and High-altitude sickness?

Answer 1

Acetazolamide

Question 2

Its indication is edema associated with heart, hepatic or renal failure, control hypertension, and increase renal excretion of calcium

Answer 2

It is diuretics: loop and the example medications are Bumetanide, Furosemide, and Torsemide.

Question 3

Mannitol is a ______?

Answer 3

Diuretic drug: osmotic

Question 3

The contraindications for osmotic diuretic drugs are

Answer 3

drug allergy, severe renal disease, pulmonary
edema, and active intracranial bleeding

Question 4

The example diuretic potassium-sparing drugs are

Answer 4

Spironolactone, Triamterene, and Amiloride

Question 5

Edema, Hypercalciuria, Diabetes insipidus, adjunct for heart and hepatic failure are indications of what kind of diuretic drugs?

Answer 5

Thiazides and the example drugs are Chlorothiazide and Hydrochlorothiazide, Metolazone

Question 6

What adrenergic drugs act on the brain by decreasing NE production?

Answer 6

It is central-acting and the example drugs are Clonidine and Methyldopa

Question 7

What adrenergic drugs act at the heart and blood vessels?

Answer 7

It is peripheral-acting and the example drugs are Alpha and Beta Blockers

Question 8

Captopril, Enalapril, Lisinopril, and Quinapril are example drugs of ____.

Answer 8

ACEI or Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Question 9

What drugs is its MOA that blocks the binding of Angiotension II to its receptors and primarily affects the vascular smooth muscle and adrenal gland?

Answer 9

It is ARBS or Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers and the example drugs are Losartan, Eprosartan, Valsartan, Irbesartan, Olmesartan, and Telmisartan

Question 10

What are the three types of calcium channel blockers and its example?

Answer 10

-Phenylalkylamines - Verapamil
-Benzothiazepines - Diltiazem
-Dihydropyridines – Amlodipine, Nicardipine, and Nifedipine

Question 11

The adverse effects of calcium channel blockers are ______.

Answer 11

hypotension, palpitations, constipation, nausea,
peripheral edema

Question 12

What are the example drugs in direct vasodilators?

Answer 12

-Minoxidil- effectiveness in restoring
hair growth
-Hydralazine
-Diazoxide
-Nitroprusside- both arterial and venous
vasodilation

Question 13

It is an angina type that is intense but subsides
within 15 mins of rest or medication and caused
mainly by atherosclerosis and can be triggered
by exertion or stress (cold, emotions) and
exacerbated by smoking, alcohol, coffee and
some drugs.

Answer 13

Chronic Stable Angina

Question 14

It is an early stage of progressive
artery disease characterized by pain increasing
in severity and frequency and may even occur at
rest

Answer 14

Unstable Angina

Question 15

It is an angina type that is from spasms of the
a smooth muscle that surrounds the coronary
arteries and occurs at rest without any triggers
but usually occurring at the same time of day.

Answer 15

Vasospastic Angina

Question 16

Nitrates and Nitrites are anti-anginal drugs that _____.

Answer 16

dilates all blood vessels via the relaxation of smooth muscles especially coronary arteries.

Question 17

______ is the most effective treatment for exertional
angina and is also approved for the treatment of MI, hypertension, cardiac dysrhythmias, and essential tremors.

Answer 17

Beta-blockers

Question 18

What are the categories of heart failure drugs?

Answer 18

-Positive inotropic drugs – increase the force of myocardial contraction
-Positive chronotropic drugs – increase the rate at which the heart beats
-Positive dromotropic drugs – accelerate conduction

Question 19

In anti-dysrhythmic drugs, what advice you will give to the patient taking an oral dosage?

Answer 19

Advice to take with meals and fluids to
prevent GI distress