Cardiovascular Drugs

Question 1

determined by:
1) myocardial contractility (force with which the ventricles contract)
2) cardiac afterload
3) cardiac preload

Answer 1

STROKE VOLUME

Question 2

amount of tension (stretch) applied to a muscle before
contraction = force of venous return

Answer 2

PRELOAD

Question 3

load against which a muscle exerts its force = arterial
pressure that the left ventricle overcomes to eject blood

Answer 3

AFTERLOAD

Question 4

Defined as a persistent systolic pressure of
greater than 140mmHg and/or a diastolic pressure
of greater than 90mmHg

Answer 4

HYPERTENSION

Question 5

Determined by the product of cardiac output
and systemic vascular resistance

Answer 5

BLOOD PRESSURE

Question 6

amount of blood ejected from the left
ventricle and measured in Lpm

Answer 6

CARDIAC OUTPUT

Question 7

Drugs that accelerate the rate of urine formation
that results to the removal of sodium and
water from the body

Answer 7

DIURETICS

Question 8

Mechanism of Action: Works along the carbonic anhydrase enzyme system
in the proximal convoluted tubule Carbonic Anhydrase is
needed to make hydrogen ions for the exchange of sodium and water.

Answer 8

ACETAZOLAMIDE

Question 9

Drug of choice for preventing kidney damage
during acute kidney injury and reduction
of intracranial pressure and cerebral edema.

Answer 9

MANNITOL

Question 10

An adrenergic drug that acts on the brain by decreasing NE production. Drugs under it is clonidine and methyldopa.

Answer 10

CENTRAL ACTING

Question 11

A type of angina that is intense but subsides within 15 mins of rest or medication and caused mainly by atherosclerosis and can be triggered by exertion or stress (cold, emotions) and exacerbated by smoking, alcohol, coffee and some drugs.

Answer 11

CHRONIC STABLE ANGINA

Question 12

A type of angina which is early stage of progressive artery disease characterized by pain increasing in severity and frequency and may even occur at rest.

Answer 12

UNSTABLE ANGINA

Question 13

A type of angina from spasms of the smooth muscle that surrounds the coronary
arteries and occurs at rest without any triggers but usually occurring at the same time of day.

Answer 13

VASOSPASTIC ANGINA

Question 14

Pathologic state in which the heart is unable to pump in sufficient amounts
from the ventricles to meet metabolic needs.

Answer 14

HEART FAILURE

Question 15

Any deviation from the normal rhythm of the heart.

Answer 15

DYSRHYTHMIAS