Cardiovascular Disease

Question 1

What is the first stage of atherosclerosis

A. Plaque disruption B. Fatty streak C. Plaque progression D. Arterial thickening

Answer 1

B. Fatty streak

Question 2

Which type of cardiovascular disease involves a lack of blood flow to the brain?

A. Cerebrovascular disease

B. Coronary heart disease

C. Valvular heart disease

D. Deep vein thrombosis

Answer 2

A. Cerebrovascular disease

Question 3

What is the major consequence of atherosclerosis?

Answer 3

Plaque formation in Arteries

Question 4

Which condition is a complication of atherosclerosis that can lead to tissue death?

A. Infarction B. Angina C. Bradycardia
D. Hypertension

Answer 4

A. Infarction

Question 5

What is the primary cause of is ischemic heart disease?

A. Insufficient exercise
B. Dehydration
C. Hyperlipidemia
D. Respiratory issues

Answer 5

C. Hyperlipidemia

Question 6

What complication might arise due to poor circulation related to vascular diseases?

Answer 6

Increased risk of stroke

Question 7

What is a common symptom of peripheral vascular disease?

A. High fever
B. Skin changes
C. Nerve pain in hands
D. Altered vision

Answer 7

B. Skin changes

Question 8

Which condition describes a valve that fails to open fully?

A. Dilation
B. Stenosis
C. Regurgitation
D. Prolapse

Answer 8

B. Stenosis

Question 9

Which statement correctly describes cyanotic congenital heart disease?

Answer 9

It is characterized by right-to-left shunting of blood within the heart

Question 10

What is the primary cause of myocardial infarction?

Answer 10

Blockage of a coronary artery (not enough blood flow to the heart)

Question 11

What dietary factors may increase the risk of ischemic heart disease?

A. High protein diet
B. High fiber diet
C. Low carbohydrate diet
D. Low fiber diet

Answer 11

D. Low fiber diet

A low fiber diet is associated with an increased risk of hyperlipidemia, which can contribute to ischemic heart disease.

Question 12

What condition is characterized by chest pain due to narrowed coronary arteries?

Answer 12

Angina pectoris

Explanation:
Angina pectoris is specifically related to chest pain caused by myocardial ischemia from narrowed coronary arteries.

Question 13

What effect does low density lipoproteins (LDL) have on heart disease?

Answer 13

Increases the risk of atherosclerosis

Question 14

Which condition is a complication of atherosclerosis that can lead to tissue death?

A. Infarction
B. Angina
C. Bradycardia
D. Hypertension

Answer 14

A. Infarction

Infarction occurs when there is severe blood flow restriction, leading to tissue death.

Question 15

What is the primary function of a pacemaker?

Answer 15

To replace electrical conduction of the heart

Question 16

What is a consequence of valve regurgitation in valvular heart disease?

Answer 16

Incomplete closure of the valve leading to back flow

Explanation :
Valve regurgitation occurs when a valve fails to close fully, resulting in back flow of blood.

Question 17

What is a common symptom of orthostatic hypertension?

A. Feeling dizzy
B. Fatigue after exercise
C. Rapid heartbeat
D. Persistent cough

Answer 17

A. Feeling dizzy

Explanation:

Feeling dizzy is a typical symptom when experiencing orthostatic hypertension due to the drop in blood pressure.

Question 18

What causes an aortic aneurysm?

A. Excessive physical activity
B. High levels of cholesterol alone
C. Weakness in the arterial wall
D. Infection in the arterial wall

Answer 18

C. Weakness in the arterial wall