Cardiovascular - Congenital Heart Defect: Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

Question 1

Open duct / patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is normal in? And abnormal in?

Answer 1

Fetus, newborn

Question 2

2 arteries that are affected

Answer 2

Pulmonary artery and aorta

Question 3

Do the lungs to the fetus need oxygen?

Answer 3

Yes but only 10% (only for development)

Question 4

Where does the oxygen of the fetus come from?

Answer 4

Placenta

Question 5

In patent ductus arteriosus what happens to the oxygen tension in the lungs and the prostaglandin?

Answer 5

Decrease oxygen, increase prostaglandin

Question 6

If the ductus arteriosus closed when the baby is born what happens to oxygen tension in lungs prostaglandins?

Answer 6

Increase oxygen tension in lungs and decrease prostaglandin

Question 7

If ductus didn’t close after the fetus was born, is it cyanotic or acyanotic:

Answer 7

Acyanotic

Question 8

Assessments

Answer 8

Pulmonary congestion (crackles - high pitched)→stet: diaphragm
Difficulty of Breathing / Difficulty of Feeding
Systolic murmur (left sternal border, 2nd ICS ) →stet parts if abnormal sounds: diaphragm then bell

Question 9

what organ is overworked?

Answer 9

lungs (it will become congested)

Question 10

Arrangement of auscultation of child’s chest

Answer 10

“Ang PET Mo”
Aortic
Pulmonic
Erbs
Tricuspid
Mitral

Diaphragm first then Bell

Question 11

Management of PDA

Answer 11

• Prostaglandin inhibitor (indomethacin)
• Diuretic
• Surgical Closure