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NUR 223 > Cardiovascular And Plumonary > Flashcards

Cardiovascular And Plumonary Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of the cardiac system?

A

Ensure that your body gets the o2 and nutrients it needs.
Pump blood throughout your body

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2
Q

Apex

A

Inferior top of the heart

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3
Q

Base

A

Superior border of the heart

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4
Q

How does the blood flow through the heart

A

Enters through the superior and inferior vena cava
Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Pulmonic valve
Lungs
Pulmonary vein
Left atrium
Mitral valve
Left ventricle
Aortic valve
Body

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5
Q

What action in the heart generates S1

A

Closing of the AV valves
Mitral valve
Tricuspid valve

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6
Q

What action in the heart generates S2

A

Closing of the semilunar valves
Pulmonary and aortic valves

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7
Q

What is the expected heart rate range for an adult at rest

A

60-100 bpm

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8
Q

Which vessel brings unoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

A

Pulmonary artery

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9
Q

Which vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart?

A

Pulmonary vein

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10
Q

Carotid artery

A

Either of the 2 vessels carrying oxygenated blood from heart to the brain

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11
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

Artery that carries venous blood from right ventricle of heart to lungs

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12
Q

Pulmonary vein

A

Vein that carries oxygenated blood from lungs to left atrium of the heart

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13
Q

Atria

A

Plural of atrium, left and right, chamber of cavity connected to several chambers

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14
Q

Ventricle

A

Small cavity or chamber within a body of an organ

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15
Q

Regular rhythm

A

Sinus rhythm

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16
Q

Irregular rhythm

A

Arrhythmia

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17
Q

EKG

A

Electrocardiogram

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18
Q

HTN

A

Hypertension, high bp

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19
Q

MI

A

Myocardia infarction

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20
Q

Hypotension

A

Blood pressure that is lower than 90/60

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21
Q

Diabetes mellitus

A

Condition where pancreas no longer produces insulin OR the cells stop responding to the insulin that is produced

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22
Q

Antrioventricular valves

A

Tricuspid valve: right atrium and right ventricle
Mitral valve: between left ventricle and left atrium

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23
Q

Semilunar valves

A

Aortic valve: left ventricle and ascending aorta
Pulmonary valve:right ventricle and pulmonary trunk

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24
Q

Apical pulse PMI

A

Heart sound directly over apex or heart

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25
Q

Heart apex

A

Blunt lower extremity of heart

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26
Q

Heart base

A

Opposite of apex

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27
Q

DNR

A

Do not resuscitate

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28
Q

AND

A

Allow natural death

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29
Q

ICS

A

Intercostal space

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30
Q

MCL

A

Mid-clavicular line

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31
Q

AED

A

Automatic external defibrillator

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32
Q

Tachy

A

Fast

33
Q

Brady

A

Slow

34
Q

Bruit

A

Harsh or musical intermittent auscultatory

35
Q

Murmur

A

Low, indistinct continuous sound heard in the heart

36
Q

DYS

A

Bad or difficult

37
Q

Itis

A

Inflammation

38
Q

Cardi

A

Heart

39
Q

Pulmo

A

Lungs

40
Q

Hema

A

Blood

41
Q

What is the purpose of the respiratory system

A

Exchange o2 and co2 between body and environment

42
Q

What is the anatomical difference between the right and left lungs?

A

Right- 3 lobes
Left- 2 lobes

43
Q

Describe the flow of air in/out through the airway

A

Nose/mouth
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi

44
Q

Apex

A

Top of lungs

45
Q

Base

A

Bottom of lungs

46
Q

Lung apex

A

Top of lungs

47
Q

Lung base

A

Bottom of lungs

48
Q

Lung Base

A

Bottom of lungs

49
Q

Diaphragm

A

Dome-shaped muscular portion separating the thorax from abdomen

50
Q

Axillary

A

Armpit

51
Q

Lobe of Lung

A

Right: 3 Left:2

52
Q

SOB

A

Shortness of breath (NOT shortness of air which you will hear but is incorrect)

53
Q

WOB

A

Work of breathing

54
Q

HOB

A

Head of bed

55
Q

Barrel Chest

A

Lungs overfilled with air, cause chest to be broad and large

56
Q

Adventitious breath sounds

A

Lung sounds that are not normally heard

57
Q

Rales(crackles)

A

Rattling/popping sounds with inhale/exhale

58
Q

Rhonchi

A

Low pitch snoring sound with inhale or exhale

59
Q

What are the steps of the cardiac exam

A

Auscultate apical pulse

60
Q

What assessment techniques are used during the cardiac exam

A

Auscultation

61
Q

What are some subjective questions that relate to cardiac exam

A

Have you ever had an EKG?
Do you have a family history of heart attacks?
Have you ever been diagnosed with a heart murmur?

62
Q

Describe the location on the apical pulse (PMI)

A

Apex, bottom of the heart

63
Q

The nurse uses which part of the stethoscope to assess the apical pulse?

A

Diaphragm

64
Q

How do you document findings of an apical pulse that was 68 bpm

A

Apical Pulse: S1 and S2 sounds present, Regular rhythm, 68 BPM

65
Q

What are the steps of the respiratory exam

A

Inspects the respiratory pattern and effort
Auscultate breath sounds in all lobes

66
Q

What assessment techniques are used during the respiratory exam

A

Inspection
Auscultation

67
Q

What part of the stethoscope is used to assess breath sounds

A

Diaphragm

68
Q

What is the expected respiratory rate range for an adult at rest

A

12-20

69
Q

What are some subjective questions that relate to the respiratory exam

A

Do you experience shortness of breath?
Have you been diagnosed with asthma?
Do you smoke or vape?

70
Q

Describe the process for auscultating the lungs using the stethoscope

A

Move laterally

71
Q

How should the nurse instruct the patient to breath during the lung exam

A

Take deep breaths

72
Q

Wheezing

A

High pitched squeak, inhale or exhale

73
Q

Labored breathing

A

Breathing is difficult or impaired

74
Q

O2

A

Oxygen saturation

75
Q

Pulse oximeter

A

Device attached to earlobe or fingertip that measures O2 saturation and pule

76
Q

Tachypnea

A

Rapid breathing

77
Q

Bradypnea

A

Slow breathing

78
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Abnormally fast or deep breathing

NUR 223 (5 decks)

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