Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1st year Anatomy > Cardiovascular anatomy > Flashcards

Cardiovascular anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is meant by heamopericardium?

A

When the pericardial cavity fills with blood - creates cardiac tamponade, when pressure around the heart prevents contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the transverse pericardial sinus?

A

The space behind the pulmonary trunk and aorta, and in front of the SVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which coronary artery sits in the coronary groove (atrioventricular groove) and which sits in the anterior inter-ventricular groove?

A

RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY
- Coronary groove
LEFT CORONARY ARTERY
- Anterior inter-ventricular groove

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are auricles?

A

Extensions of the atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where does the coronary sinus drain into? Where does its deoxygenated blood drain from?

A

Right atrium

The cardiac veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which part of the aorta do the coronary arteries arise from?

A

The ascending aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the branches of the coronary arteries

A

The right coronary artery branches into the right marginal artery
The left coronary artery branches into the left circumflex, left marginal, lateral branch and the left anterior descending

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the locations of the heart valves

A

Tricuspid (RA - RV)
Pulmonary (RV - pulmonary trunk)
Mitral (LA- LV)
Aortic (LV - aorta)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which heart valves have 3 cusps and which only has 2 cusps?

A

3 cusps - Aortic, Pulmonary, Tricuspid

2 cusps - Mitral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which structures attached to the heart valves aid them in opening and closing?

A

Tendinous cords linked to papillary muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Veins don’t usually pulsate, so why can a pulsating JVP be seen?

A

There are no valves between the RA and the internal jugular vein and so there is transmitted pulsation from the heart to the vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the limit for a normal JVP?

A

JVP should be no more than 3cm above the level of the sternal angle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Between which two parts of which muscle is the internal jugular vein found?

A

The clavicular head of the sternomastoid muscle

The sternal head of the sternomastoid muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 3 branches of the arch of the aorta?

A

The brachiocephalic trunk
Left subclavian artery
Left common carotid artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where do pre-synaptic sympathetic fibres from the brain exit the spinal cord? which neurotransmitter is involved in the synapse between the pre-synaptic and post-synaptic neurones?

A

T1- L2

acetylcholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Post-synpatic sympathetic fibres synapse at organs, which neurotransmitter is involved here?

A

Noradrenaline

17
Q

The cardiac plexus is an intertwining of which 3 nerve fibre types?

A

Sympathetics
Parasympathetics
Visceral Afferents

18
Q

With which 4 cranial nerves do parasympathetic signals travel with? which over group of nerves are they also carried by?

A

3,7,9 and 10
sacral spinal nerves

= CRANIOSACRAL OUTFLOW

19
Q

What is the difference between somatic and visceral pain?

A

Somatic pain comes from body wall structures, it is sharp and well-localised
Visceral pain comes from organs, it is dull and poorly-localised

20
Q

Which side of the mediastinum is the venous side and which is the arterial side?

A

Right side = venous side

Left side = arterial side

21
Q

What is the ligamentum arteriosum?

A

The remnant of the ductus arteriosus which connected the pulmonary trunk to the arch of the aorta

22
Q

What is the difference between radiating and referred pain?

A

Radiating pain is felt both at the actual site and at the radiating site
Referred pain is only felt at a site distant from the actual site

23
Q

With coronary atherosclerosis, which vessel is the most common site of blockage? Which other two vessels are also common sites?

A

The left anterior descending branch
Right coronary artery
Circumflex branch

24
Q

Which 3 vessels are most commonly used for coronary artery bypass grafting?

A

The great saphenous vein
Radial artery
Internal thoracic artery

25
Q

What two points is the transverse thoracic plane between?

A

The sternal angle

T4/T5

26
Q

What is the cisterns chyli?

A

The swollen part of the thoracic duct in the abdomen

27
Q

The recurrent laryngeal nerves are branches of the vagus nerve, what structures do they supply?

A

Pharynx

Larynx

28
Q

Describe the pericardiocentesis procedure

A

A needle is inserted via the infrasternal angle/ the 5th intercostal space next to the sternum

29
Q

What structures does the internal thoracic artery (aka mammary) supply?

A

Intercostal spaces

30
Q

What is the crista terminalis?

A

The vertical ridge between the auricle and the smooth part of the atrium

31
Q

Where does the azygous vein drain blood from?

A

Intercostal veins to the SVC

32
Q

Which hiatus do the thoracic duct and azygous vein pass through?

A

The aortic hiatus

33
Q

What are the attachments of the scalenus anterior muscle?

A

Cervical vertebrae

First rib

34
Q

Explain the arterial blood supply to the upper limbs

A 
Arch of the aorta
Brachiocephalic trunk to the subclavian artery (right) or Left subclavian artery  
Axillary artery 
Brachial artery 
Radial/ ulnar arteries 
Digital arteries
35
Q

Explain the arterial blood supply to the head and neck

A

Arch of the aorta
Brachiocephalic trunk to the common carotid (right) / The left common carotid
Internal and external carotids

36
Q

Describe the blood supply to the abdomen and lower limbs

A 
Abdominal aorta 
Right and left common iliac arteries 
External and internal iliac arteries 
Internal - pelvis 
External - Femoral, Popliteal, Posterior tibial/anterior tibial, dorsalis pedis
37
Q

Describe the locations of the lower limb pulses

A

Femoral - 2- 3cm below the mid-inguinal point
Popliteal
Posterior Tibial - Behind and below the medial ankle
Dorsalis Pedis - Dorsum of the foot

1st year Anatomy (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions