Cardiovascular Anatomy Flashcards
What is A ?
Superior vena cava
What is B ?
Pulmonary valve
What is C ?
Right pulmonary artery
What is D ?
Right pulmonary vein
What is E ?
Tricuspid valve
What is F ?
Chordae tendineae
What is G ?
Inferior vena cava
What is H ?
Descending/thoracic aorta
What is I ?
Papillary muscle
What is J ?
Bicuspid/Mitral valve
What is K ?
Left pulmonary vein
What is L ?
Aortic valve
What is M ?
Left pulmonary artery
What is N ?
Left subclavian artery
What is O ?
Left common carotid artery
What is P ?
Left brachiocephalic vein
What is Q ?
Brachiocephalic artery
What is R ?
Right internal jugular vein
What is S ?
Right subclavian vein
What is the function of Chordae tendinae ?
During ventricular contraction, the pressure in both ventricles increase and close the valves, the chordae tendineae tense to keep the valves closed and prevent the valves prolapsing into the atria.
Why do structures such as the pectinate muscles and trabeculae carneae form ridges on the internal surface of the heart chambers?
Ridges increase the surface area of the heart, allowing more blood to fill the chambers as opposed to if they were smooth walled.
The act of the valves in the heart closing gives it its distinctive beating sound. What are the sounds, and which are the corresponding valves to each sound?
Lub: Tricuspid and Mitral valves
Dub: Aortic and pulmonary valves
When the diaphragm contracts during inspiration, what happens to the orientation of the heart and why does it change?
The heart is pulled into a more vertical orientation as the pericardium is fused to the diaphragm, so downward movement of the diaphragm during inspiration pulls the heart down.
What is the function of the fluid within the pericardial cavity?
Lubrication – heart is fixed in pericardium but needs to move freely and without friction.
Allows almost unimpeded movement of the heart, which is essential for its muscular contractions.
If the parietal pericardium was irritated, where would pain be felt?
