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Med year 1 > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

Cardiac output =

A

Stroke volume x HR

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2
Q

Normal HR

A

60-100 bpm

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3
Q

Systolic blood pressure

A

Shouldn’t exceed 140 mm HG

1st Korotkoff sound

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4
Q

Diastolic blood pressure

A

Shouldn’t exceed 90 mm HG

5th Korotkoff sound

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5
Q

P

A

Atrial depolarisation

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6
Q

QRS

A

Ventricular depolarisation

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7
Q

CPR

A

30 compressions, 2 breaths
Centre of chest
Only stop if signs of life

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8
Q

V2-5

A

Anterior

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9
Q

II, III, aVF

A

Inferior

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10
Q

I, V4-6, aVL

A

Anterolateral

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11
Q

Shock Procedure

A
  1. Shock
  2. CPR (for 2 mins)
    Repeat. Adrenaline every other shock
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12
Q

Blood flow

A
  • Directly proportional to blood viscosity and vessel length

- Inversely proportional to radius of vessel to power of 4

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13
Q

MAP=

A

Diastolic pressure + 1/3(systolic - diastolic pressure)

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14
Q

Which two arrhythmias are shokable

A

Ventricular Tachycardia and Ventricular fibrillation

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15
Q

Heart block where PR interval is prolonged

A

First degree heart block

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16
Q

Heart block where PR intervals progressively increase till a QRS is missed

A

Second degree heart block - Mobitz type 1

17
Q

Heart block where there are multiple P waves for each QRS

A

Second degree heart block - Mobitz type 2

18
Q

Heart block where there is no relation between P and QRS segments

A

Complete heart block

19
Q

A blood pressure over 140/90 mmHG requires what

A

Ambulatory monitoring

20
Q

A blood pressure over 180/110 mmHG requires what

A

Immediate treatment

21
Q

An irregularly irregular pulse signifies

A

Atrial fibrillation

22
Q

A slow-rising pulse signifies

A

Aortic stenosis

23
Q

A collapsing pulse signifies

A

Aortic regurgitation

24
Q
  1. Early diastolic murmur and wide pulse pressure
  2. Mid diastolic and Malar flush
  3. Ejection-Systolic and narrow pulse pressure
  4. Pansystolic
A
  1. Aortic regurgitation
  2. Mitral stenosis
  3. Aortic stenosis
  4. Mitral regurgitation
25
Q

Roth’s spots (retinal haemorrhage), Osler’s nodes (swellings on fingers and toes)

A

Infective endocarditis

26
Q

Chest pain after exertion

A

Angina

27
Q

Treatment for Angina

A

GTN spray

28
Q

Treatment for Atrial Fibrillation

A

Digoxin

29
Q

Treatment for Persistent atrial fibrillation

A

Shock

30
Q

Treatment for ventricular tachycardia

A

Amiodarone

31
Q

Treatment for bradycardia

A

Atropine

32
Q

Treatment for Supraventricular tachycardia

A

Valsalva manoeuvre

then IV adenosine/verapmil

33
Q

Treatment for hypertension

A

A (-pril) or C (if >55yrs or black)
A+C
A+C+D
Add beta blocker (-sartan)

34
Q

Treatment for MI

A 
diMorphine
O2 (if O2<94%)
Nitrates
Aspirin
Cloipidogrel/prasugrel
Percutaneous coronary investigation (PCI)
35
Q

Young patient, Collapses during exercise?

A

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Med year 1 (4 decks)

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