Cardiovascular Flashcards
Fever and pleuritic chest pain relieved by sitting up and leaning forward
Pericarditis
ECG:
“Sawtooth” baseline
150bpm
Atrial flutter
“Irregularly irregular pulse”
No clear P waves on ECG
Atrial fibrillation
ECG:
“Saddle-shaped” ST elevations
Pericarditis
What is the ABCDE of pulmonary oedema?
Alveolar bats-wing shadows
Kerley B lines
Cardiomegaly
Dilated upper lobe vessels
Pleural effusions
Raised JVP / hepatojugular reflex
Heart failure
(normally right-sided)
“Sense of impending doom”
Myocardial infarction
Broad complex tachycardia
Ventricular tachycardia
Narrow QRS
Arrythmia of atrial origin
Mid-diastolic murmur, tapping, undisplaced apex, malar flush
Mitral stenosis
Broad QRS with slurred upstroke on R waves
Delta waves indicative of Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome
Tall, tented T waves
Hyperkalaemia
Flattened T waves
Hypokalaemia
Pericarditis 4-6 weeks post MI/CABG
Dressler’s syndrome
Blurred yellow vision, headache
Digoxin toxicity
Janeway lesions
Osler’s nodes
Subacute bacterial endocarditis
“Continuous machinery murmur”
Patent ductus arteriosus
Rib notching apparent on CXR
Coarctation of the aorta
“Crescendo-decrescendo pulse”
Slow rising pulse
Aortic stenosis
Collapsing pulse
Aortic regurgitation
Patent ductus arteriosus
MRS ASS
Mitral regurgitation SYSTOLIC
Aortic stenosis SYSTOLIC
(so Mitral stenosis DIASTOLIC
Aortic regurgitation DIASTOLIC)
What are the four heart defects found in Tetralogy of Fallot?
1. Pulmonary stenosis
2. Right ventricular hypertrophy
3. Ventricular septal defect
4. Overriding aorta
