Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MD2 lectures > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

What is CHADS2?

A

Risk score for stroke in AF:

  • CHF
  • HTN
  • Age >75yo
  • DM
  • Stroke (2)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the management considerations in AF?

A
  • rate vs. rhythm

- stroke risk vs. bleeding risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the management of SVT?

A
  • Vagal maneouvres
  • Adenosine
  • IV verapamil
  • Catheter ablation in the above fail
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What types of tachycardias are broad complex?

A

Ventricular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of AV block? PR >0.2, P followed by QRS

A

First degree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What type of AV block? Progressive PR lengthening, until PR is blocked

A

Second degree (I)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What type of AV block? Absence of AV conduction

A

Third degree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of AV block? Intermittent PR non-conduction but no progressive PR lengthening

A

Second degree (II)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does S3 indicate?

A

Dilate left ventricle: MR or AR, dilated CM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does S4 indicate?

A

Stiff ventricle: HTN, AS, hypertrophic CM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the signs of RHF?

A
  • Elevated JVP
  • S3
  • Peripheral oedema, ascites, pleural effusions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is an ACS?

A

Acute coronary thrombosis: STEMI, NSTEMI, unstable angina, SCD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When is PCI preferred over fibrinolysis?

A
  • Skilled lab

- Door to balloon time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When is fibrinolysis preferred over PCI?

A
  • Early presentation
  • Invasive therapy not an option
  • Delay to invasive option
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are some adjunctive therapies in an AMI?

A
  • O2
  • IV morphine
  • Aspirin
  • IV heparin or S/C clexane
  • IV GTN
  • Additional antiplatelets if stent inserted: clopidogrel, ticagrelor
  • Beta-blockers, ACEI
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In order from most to least, which of these strategies lower BP the most?

  • Improve fitness
  • Weight loss
  • Moderate alcohol
  • Avoid excess salt
A
  1. Weight loss
  2. Improve fitness
  3. Avoid excess salt
  4. Moderate alcohol
17
Q

What medication is preferred in HTN if >55yo or black?

A

Ca2+ channel blockers

18
Q

Which HTN drugs should you avoid in HF?

A

Verapamil or diltiazem

19
Q

What is the ABCDE of heart failure on CXR?

A
  • Alveolar oedema (Bat’s wings)
  • Kerley B lines
  • Cardiomegaly
  • Dilated prominent upper vessels
  • Effusions
20
Q

How do you manage GCA?

A
  • Commence prednisolone 40-60mg daily
  • Temporal artery biopsy
  • Taper steroids according to ESR/CRP
  • Provide fracture prevention therapy and be alert to early and late complications

MD2 lectures (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions