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A&P: B > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of blood vessels?

A
  1. Artieres
  2. Veins
  3. Capillaries
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2
Q

which of the blood vessels have high-pressure flow?

A

Arteries

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3
Q

which of the blood vessels have Medium-pressure flow?

A

Veins

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4
Q

which of the blood vessels exchange?

A

Capillaries

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5
Q

where do arteries move blood?

A

Away from the heart

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6
Q

What has thick walls and high flexibility?

A

Arteries

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7
Q

What are the 3 layers of the artery and vein walls?

A
  1. tunica externa
  2. tunica media
  3. tunica interna
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8
Q

Where do veins carry blood?

A

To the heart

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9
Q

what makes veins work?

A

valves

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10
Q

How is blood flow maintained in veins?

A

by respiratory/muscular pressure

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11
Q

What passes blood from arteries to veins

A

capillaries

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12
Q

what is very thin and only has 1 layer of tissue?

A

capillaries

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13
Q

how is flow maintained in capillaries?

A

by shunts

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14
Q

what are the 2 circuits?

A

pulmonary and systemic

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15
Q

what type of blood does the pulmonary circuit carry when going to the lungs? How does this blood get to the lungs?

A
  1. Deoxygenated blood
  2. Arteries
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16
Q

what type of blood does the pulmonary circuit carry when going to the heart? How does this blood get to the heart?

A
  1. Oxygenated
  2. Veins
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17
Q

what type of blood does the systemic circuit carry when going to the body? How does this blood get to the body?

A
  1. Oxygenated
  2. Arteries
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18
Q

what type of blood does the systemic circuit carry when going to the heart? How does this blood get to the heart?

A
  1. Deoxygenated
  2. Veins
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19
Q

what type of muscle is most of the heart?

A

Cardiac

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20
Q

The heart has very large ____ in each cell.

A

Mitochondria

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21
Q

what guides the direction of contraction on the heart?

A

Striations

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22
Q

When does our heart depolarize?

A

its spontaneous

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23
Q

What is our natural pacemaker?

A

SA node

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24
Q

where can we find the base of the heart?

A

near our 2 rib

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25
where can we find the apex of the heart?
near the 5 intercoastal space
25
what does the SVC do?
Returns of Deoxy. blood from the upper body
26
what is the right Atrium covered by?
Its covered by auricle
27
what does the right ventricle do?
it receives deoxy. blood from the right atrum
27
what does the right atrium do?
it receives deoxy. blood
28
what do the coronary blood vessels do?
it provides 02 to the heart muscle (Coronary sinus)
29
what does the aorta do?
it takes away oxygenated blood from the body.
29
what does the ICV do?
it returns all of the deoxy. blood from the lower body?
29
what are the 2 parts of the pericardium?
fibrous and serous
30
what does the left atrium do?
it receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins
30
what does the pulmonary trunk do?
it carried deoxy. blood to the lungs
31
what is serous pericardium?
Delicate
31
what does the left ventricle do?
it receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium
32
which ventricle is the thicker/stronger ventricle?
Left ventricle
33
what is the apex of the heart?
the point or tip of the heart
34
what is the pericardium?
the membranous sac that encloses the heart
35
what is fibrous pericardium?
connective tissue that connects the heart to the chest the wall
36
what are the three layers of serous pericardium?
- parietal pericardium - visceral pericardium - pericardial cavity
37
what is the outer layer of the serous pericardium?
the partial pericardium
38
what is the inner layer of the serous pericardium?
visceral pericardium or epicardium
39
what is another word for visceral pericardium?
epicardium
39
what is the epicardium
the outer layer - serious tissue
39
what is the fluid-filled (Space) of the serous pericardium?
pericardial cavity
39
what is the myocardium?
- its the muscle tissue - thick
40
what is the endocardium?
- its the thin, inner epithelial tissue - Purkinje fibers
41
what is the interior of a heart muscle?
1. endocardium 2. myocardium 3. epicardium
41
what are the layers of the heart that project? (starting at the epicardium)
1. visceral pericardium 2. pericardial cavity (fluid-filled) 3. parietal pericardium 4. fibrous pericardium
42
what 3 pericardium layers are there? order then from exterior to interior
1. fibrous 2. parietal 3. visceral
42
what are the 2 semilunar valves?
pulmonary and aortic semilunar valve
43
what are the two atrioventricular valves
Tricuspid and bicuspid valves
44
where is the T.V located?
between the R.A and R.V
45
where is the P.Valve located?
between the R.V and P.Trunk
46
where is the A.Valve located?
between the LV and Aorta
47
where is the B.V located?
between the LA and LV
48
what is the path of the electrical system in the heart?
SA node, AV node, bundle of his, R/L bundle branches then perkinge fibers
49
the path of blood within the heart
RA, RV, PSV, PA, lung capillaries, PV, LA, BV, LV, ASV and aorta
50
what does the SA node do?
- beings impulse causing contraction of aorta
51
what does the AV node do?
- receives the impulse, delays it letting the atria empty into the ventricles
52
what does the AV bundle do?
- passes impulse through spetum
53
what is diastole?
- Atria contraction, ventricles fill with blood - Av valves close, making the first heart sound or lub
54
what does ventricular contraction do?
sends blood out
55
what is systole?
-isovolumetric contraction, when ventricles are contracting with all valves closed - ejected phase, pressure increases, semilunar valves open and blood fills atria - isovolumetric relaxation, causing ventricles to relax with all the valves closed
56
what is happening at the p wave?
depolarization of the atria
57
what is happening at the QRS complex?
depolarization of the ventricles
58
what is happening at the t wave?
repolarization of the ventricles
59
how is heart rate affected?
stress, hormones, ions and physical factors
60
how is stroke volume affected?
- exercise and rapid blood loss
61
what is cardiac output?
HR x stroke volume
62
what is different about the digestive system then others
they all get filtered through the liver
63

A&P: B (5 decks)

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