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Anatomy > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

The path of blood through the heart

A

right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary arteries, lungs, heart –> pulmonary veins into left atrium, left ventricle out aorta

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2
Q

Papillary muscle

A

cone like muscle bundles projecting into the ventricular cavity

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3
Q

chordae tendinae

A

heart strings, white collagen chords–> cusps to papillary muscles

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4
Q

shape of valves

A

pocket like

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5
Q

purpose of valves

A

prevent backward flow, flaps that close

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6
Q

pericardium

A

membrane around heart, fibrous, double walled

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7
Q

myocardium

A

contracting cardiac muscle, cardiac muscle cells

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8
Q

endocardium

A

white sheet of endothelium resting on tissue

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9
Q

function of coronary arteries

A

deliver blood when heart is relaxed

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10
Q

components of cardiac conduction

A

SA node, AV node, bundle of HIS, bundle branches, purkinje fibers

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11
Q

SA node

A

(right atrial wall), impulses 75 times/min

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12
Q

AV node

A

atrioventricular, between atria and ventricles, prevent backflow to atria

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13
Q

bundle branches

A

along interventricular septum

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14
Q

purkinje fiber

A

through interventricular septum, apex, in ventricular walls

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15
Q

PQRST wave- depolarization and repolarization

A

produced by AV, P wave = atrial depolarization, QRS ventricular depolarisation, T wave ventricular repolarization

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16
Q

action potential in skeletal and heart muscle

A

2-5 ms –> skeletal, cardiac 200-400 ms

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17
Q

events of cardiac cycle

A

systole -contract, diastole - relaxation, lub dub, av valves close, short sharp sound

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18
Q

CO- SV x HR

A

cardiac output = stroke volume x heart rate

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19
Q

stroke volume

A

volume of blood pumped out of left ventricle during systole

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20
Q

cardiac output

A

amount of blood heart pumps in 1 min

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21
Q

ejection fraction

A

amount of blood left ventricle produces each hb, 1/2 –> 3/4

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22
Q

heart rate

A

beats of your heart per minute

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23
Q

function of extrinsic control mechanisms

A
  • regulate hr, myocaridal contractility, vascular smooth muscle, blood flow distribution. bp
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24
Q

intrinsic control mechanisms

A

SA node (pacemaker), AV node (impulse), AV bundle (HIS, interatrial), bundle branches ( towards apex), purkinje fibers (turn to ventricular walls)

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25
brain --> adrenal glands/hormones
can tell heart rate to increase, greaten force of heart contractions
26
coronary circulations
left, right, supply blood
27
chambers of heart
right atrium, left atrium, right ventricles, left ventricles
28
vessels
29
blood pressure
120/80,
30
electrocardiogram
graph of ion move of heart
31
regulation of heart rate
SA, right atrium, electrical signals
32
pulmonary trunk
pulmonary SL wave is base
33
interventricular septum
internal dividers, ventricle, start with sulci
34
blood color in aortic arch
red
34
blood color in right ventricle
blue
35
blood color in left ventricle
red
36
blood color in pulmonary artery
blue
37
blood color in pulmonary vein
red
38
blood color in renal artery and vein
red
39
blood color in IVC
red
40
blood color in SVC
blue
41
blood color in brachiocephalic artery
red
42
aneurysm
balloon like out-pockeing of artery, risk of rupture
43
anoxia
absence of oxygen
44
atherosclerosis
thickening of arteries
45
congestive heart failure
pumping efficiency of heart is low, tissue demands not met
46
cyanosis
bluish color in skin, lips, blood-- lack of oxygen
47
edema
swelling
48
embolus
blood clot, fatty deposit
49
heart murmur
sounds- rapid, shoppy blood flow through heart
50
hemorrhage
escape of blood, uncontrollable
51
hypoxia
low oxygen
52
infarct
obstruction of blood supply to organ
53
Ischemia
blood flow and oxygen restricted/reduced in body
54
myocardial infarction
a heart attack, heart muscle lacks oxygen
55
necrosis
death of body tissues
56
phlebitis
inflammation of a vein
57
shock
failure of cardiovascular system to deliver oxygen
58
stenosis
constriction or narrowing
59
stroke
a con
60
thrombosis
the formation of a blood clot stuck to a vessel wall
61
vascular
pertaining to channels or vessel
62
Where are Purkinje fibers
through interventricular septum, into apex, in ventricular walls

Anatomy (4 decks)

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