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Anatomy > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

The path of blood through the heart

A

right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary arteries, lungs, heart –> pulmonary veins into left atrium, left ventricle out aorta

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2
Q

Papillary muscle

A

cone like muscle bundles projecting into the ventricular cavity

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3
Q

chordae tendinae

A

heart strings, white collagen chords–> cusps to papillary muscles

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4
Q

shape of valves

A

pocket like

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5
Q

purpose of valves

A

prevent backward flow, flaps that close

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6
Q

pericardium

A

membrane around heart, fibrous, double walled

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7
Q

myocardium

A

contracting cardiac muscle, cardiac muscle cells

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8
Q

endocardium

A

white sheet of endothelium resting on tissue

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9
Q

function of coronary arteries

A

deliver blood when heart is relaxed

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10
Q

components of cardiac conduction

A

SA node, AV node, bundle of HIS, bundle branches, purkinje fibers

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11
Q

SA node

A

(right atrial wall), impulses 75 times/min

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12
Q

AV node

A

atrioventricular, between atria and ventricles, prevent backflow to atria

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13
Q

bundle branches

A

along interventricular septum

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14
Q

purkinje fiber

A

through interventricular septum, apex, in ventricular walls

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15
Q

PQRST wave- depolarization and repolarization

A

produced by AV, P wave = atrial depolarization, QRS ventricular depolarisation, T wave ventricular repolarization

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16
Q

action potential in skeletal and heart muscle

A

2-5 ms –> skeletal, cardiac 200-400 ms

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17
Q

events of cardiac cycle

A

systole -contract, diastole - relaxation, lub dub, av valves close, short sharp sound

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18
Q

CO- SV x HR

A

cardiac output = stroke volume x heart rate

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19
Q

stroke volume

A

volume of blood pumped out of left ventricle during systole

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20
Q

cardiac output

A

amount of blood heart pumps in 1 min

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21
Q

ejection fraction

A

amount of blood left ventricle produces each hb, 1/2 –> 3/4

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22
Q

heart rate

A

beats of your heart per minute

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23
Q

function of extrinsic control mechanisms

A
  • regulate hr, myocaridal contractility, vascular smooth muscle, blood flow distribution. bp
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24
Q

intrinsic control mechanisms

A

SA node (pacemaker), AV node (impulse), AV bundle (HIS, interatrial), bundle branches ( towards apex), purkinje fibers (turn to ventricular walls)

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25
Q

brain –> adrenal glands/hormones

A

can tell heart rate to increase, greaten force of heart contractions

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26
Q

coronary circulations

A

left, right, supply blood

27
Q

chambers of heart

A

right atrium, left atrium, right ventricles, left ventricles

28
Q

vessels

A
29
Q

blood pressure

A

120/80,

30
Q

electrocardiogram

A

graph of ion move of heart

31
Q

regulation of heart rate

A

SA, right atrium, electrical signals

32
Q

pulmonary trunk

A

pulmonary SL wave is base

33
Q

interventricular septum

A

internal dividers, ventricle, start with sulci

34
Q

blood color in aortic arch

A

red

34
Q

blood color in right ventricle

A

blue

35
Q

blood color in left ventricle

A

red

36
Q

blood color in pulmonary artery

A

blue

37
Q

blood color in pulmonary vein

A

red

38
Q

blood color in renal artery and vein

A

red

39
Q

blood color in IVC

A

red

40
Q

blood color in SVC

A

blue

41
Q

blood color in brachiocephalic artery

A

red

42
Q

aneurysm

A

balloon like out-pockeing of artery, risk of rupture

43
Q

anoxia

A

absence of oxygen

44
Q

atherosclerosis

A

thickening of arteries

45
Q

congestive heart failure

A

pumping efficiency of heart is low, tissue demands not met

46
Q

cyanosis

A

bluish color in skin, lips, blood– lack of oxygen

47
Q

edema

A

swelling

48
Q

embolus

A

blood clot, fatty deposit

49
Q

heart murmur

A

sounds- rapid, shoppy blood flow through heart

50
Q

hemorrhage

A

escape of blood, uncontrollable

51
Q

hypoxia

A

low oxygen

52
Q

infarct

A

obstruction of blood supply to organ

53
Q

Ischemia

A

blood flow and oxygen restricted/reduced in body

54
Q

myocardial infarction

A

a heart attack, heart muscle lacks oxygen

55
Q

necrosis

A

death of body tissues

56
Q

phlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein

57
Q

shock

A

failure of cardiovascular system to deliver oxygen

58
Q

stenosis

A

constriction or narrowing

59
Q

stroke

A

a con

60
Q

thrombosis

A

the formation of a blood clot stuck to a vessel wall

61
Q

vascular

A

pertaining to channels or vessel

62
Q

Where are Purkinje fibers

A

through interventricular septum, into apex, in ventricular walls

Anatomy (4 decks)

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