Cardiovascular Flashcards
1
Q
What is tetralogy of Fallot?
A
- large ventricular septal defect
2
Q
Features of tetralogy of Fallot
A
- overriding aorta
- RV outflow obstruction
- RV hypertrophy
3
Q
Investigations for tetralogy of Fallot
A
echo
4
Q
Treatment for tetralogy of Fallot
A
surgical repair
5
Q
What is coarctation of aorta?
A
- narrowing of aortic arch around ductus arteriosus
- varied severity
- associated with Turners syndrome
- low BP in areas after narrowing
- high BP in areas before
6
Q
Presentation of coarctation of aorta
A
- in neonates, weak femoral pulses
- grey and floppy baby
- poor feeding
- tachypnoea
- left ventricular heave
7
Q
Management of coarctation of aorta
A
- if severe, prostaglandin E used to keep ductus arteriosus open
- surgery to correct coarctation and ligate ductus arteriosus
8
Q
What is tachycardia?
A
- fast hear rate
- >100bpm
9
Q
What is atrial tachycardia?
A
>150bpm
ECG
- abnormal P waves
- normal QRS
10
Q
What is AV nodal re-entrant tachycardia?
A
- absent P wave
- normal QRS
11
Q
What is ventricular tachycardia?
A
- no P waves
- regular wide QRS
- no T waves
12
Q
What is bradycardia?
A
- slow heart rate
- <60pbm
13
Q
What is Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome?
A
- accessory pathway for conduction
- impulse can travel to AVN but also to ventricle quicker
14
Q
ECG changes in WPW
A
pre-excitation
- short PR interval
- wide QRS complex that begins slurred
ECG DIAGNOSTIC
15
Q
Causes of WPW
A
same as prolonged QT syndrome
