cardiovascular Flashcards
is the vagus nerve medial or lateral to the phrenic nerve
medial
what is the order of the great vessels of the heart from right to left
superior vena cava -> aorta -> pulmonary trunk
where does the tricuspid valve sit in relation to the surface of the heart
deep to the coronary groove which contains the right coronary artery
what marks the boundary between the two ventricles on the anterior surface of the heart
anterior interventricular groove
contains left anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery
where does the posterior interventricular artery arise from and where is it located
branch of the right coronary artery, sits in the posterior interventricular groove
what are the two main branches of the right coronary artery
- right marginal artery
- posterior interventricular artery
where is the left coronary artery found
the left atrioventricular groove
what are the four main branches of the left coronary artery
- left circumflex artery
- left anterior descending artery
- left marginal artery
- lateral/diagonal branch
what vessels drain into the right atrium
- superior vena cava
- inferior vena cava
- coronary sinus
what is the name of the depression in the right atrium
fossa ovalis - embryological remnant of the foramen ovale
what represent the boundary between the smooth and rough parts of the right atrium
crista terminalis
where is the location of the sinoatrial node
right atrium, just below the opening for the SVC
what connects the cusps of heart valves to the heart wall
chordae tendineae
chordae tendineae are anchored to the heart wall by what
papillary muscles
where would you auscultate the aortic valve
2nd intercostal space, right sternal edge
where would you auscultate the pulmonary valve
2nd intercostal space, left sternal edge
where would you auscultate the tricuspid valve
4th intercostal space, left sternal edge
where would you auscultate the mitral valve
5th intercostal space, left mid-clavicular line
where is the transthoracic plane
line between the sternal angle and the T4/5 intervertebral disc (separates the superior and inferior mediastinum)
where does the vagus nerve perforate the diaphragm
T10 with the oesophagus
where does the azygous vein drain into
superior vena cava
what is the first branch of the aorta
coronary arteries
what are the three branches that come off the arch of the aorta
- brachiocephalic trunk
- left common carotid artery
- left subclavian artery
what are the bilateral branches of the descending aorta
posterior intercostal arteries
where is the venous angles located
the junction between the subclavian and internal jugular veins
what lymph nodes are located at the bifurcation of the trachea
tracheobronchial lymph nodes
what lymph nodes are located at the bifurcation of the main bronchi into lobar bronchi
bronchopulmonary lymph nodes
where is the left venous angle located
left sternoclavicular joint, between the left subclavian and internal jugular veins
where does the vagus nerve lie in relation to the lung root/hilum
posterior
where does the phrenic nerve lie in relation to the lung root/hilum
anterior
from lateral to medial, what is the order of the nerves in the superior mediastinum
phrenic -> vagus -> recurrent laryngeal
where does the right recurrent laryngeal nerve hook under
right subclavian artery, does not enter the chest
where does the left recurrent laryngeal hook under
arch of the aorta/ligamentum arteriosum, does enter the chest
the right and left recurrent laryngeal nerves are branches of what nerve
vagus nerve
lymph from the inferior lobe of the left lung can drain into which lymphatic duct
right lymphatic duct
what are the structures of the posterior mediastinum from anterior to posterior
- brachiocephalic veins + SVC
- arch of aorta
- trachea
- oesophagus
- thoracic duct
what is the rough part of the atrium called
pectinate muscles/musculi pectinati
what is the rough part of the ventricles called
trabeculae carneae
